Soc 16- The Structure Of The Blood Vessels And Blood Distribution

Question 1

What are the three main function of the CV system?

Answer 1

Transport oxygen around the body(also carbon dioxide and nutrients)
Regulate the body temperature
Clotting of wounds

Question 2

What is vascular shunting?

Answer 2

Process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas; achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction.

Question 3

What is vasodilation?

Answer 3

Vasodilation is a response to being too hot. The process includes the widening of blood vessels at the skin surface to increase heat loss through the surface of the skin.

Question 4

Vasoconstriction

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction is a response to being too cold. The process involves the narrowing of blood vessels at the skin surface to reduce heat loss through the surface of the skin.

Question 5

Cardiovascular

Answer 5

To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels

Question 6

Cardio respiratory system

Answer 6

The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise

Question 7

Characteristics of arteries

Answer 7

Take oxygenated blood away from the heart
Thick walls, more elastic than veins as they carry higher pressure blood
The lumen can widen to allow more blood through exercising
The pulmonary artery is different as it carries deoxygenated bllod from the heart to lungs

Question 8

Characteristics of veins

Answer 8

Veins carry deoxygenated blood into the heart
Veins have thinner walls, are less elastic and carry blood at a lower pressure
Veins contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart
The pulmomary vein is different as it carries oxygenated blood from lungs to the heart

Question 9

Capillaries

Answer 9

Microscopic vessels- one cell thick
At one end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and nutrients to the muscles
At the other end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 10

Systolic phase

Answer 10

This is where blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles
Then both the ventricles contract
Pushing deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle leaves via the aorta to the body

Question 11

Diastolic phase

Answer 11

This is when the heart is relaxing and refilling the atria with blood

Question 12

Blood pressure

Answer 12

A measure of the force that your heart uses to pump the blood around the body

Question 13

Blood pressure reading

Answer 13

Your given two numbers
Systolic
Diastolic

Question 14

Importance of RBC

Answer 14

Red blood cells transport oxyegn from the lungs to the body’s cells, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
Contain haemoglobin which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 15

Importance of WBC

Answer 15

Transparent
They have an important function as the defence system of the body
They produce antibodies to fight against infection and diseases
If an athlete has a disease or infection they may not be able to train or perform

Question 16

Importance of platelets

Answer 16

Formed in the bone marrow
Tiny fragments that come together to help clot blood and stop bleeding
Blood is the first line of defence in the repair of a wound
When a blood vessel is cut platelets rush to the area and act as a plug

Question 17

Importance of plasma

Answer 17

The main role of plasma is to take nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the part of the body that need it.
Cells also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma then helps remove this waste from the body