Soc 10-Preventing Injury Flashcards
What are the eight types of injury?
Soft tissue injury
Dislocation
Concussions
Sprain
Torn cartilage
Strain
Fractures
Abrasions
What is concussion?
Concussion is an injury normally caused by a blow to the head and can happen in many sports.
What are the symptoms of concussion?
headaches, weakness, loss of coordination or balance, confusion or slurred speech.
What is a fracture?
A fracture is a broken or a cracked bone that can occur from a blow. There are several types of fractures
What are the four types of fractures?
In closed, compound fractures,simple fracture,stress fracture
In closed fracture
In closed: the skin over the break is not damaged.
Compound fractures
Compound fractures: the broken bone protrudes through the skin.
Simple fracture
take place in one line, with no displacement of the bone.
Stress fractures
They can happen as a result of fatigue.(overuse injuries)
Dislocations
A dislocation is when a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position. Often occurs as a result of a hard blow which causes one of the bones to be displaced.
Symptoms of a dislocation
deformity and swelling of the joint, which is locked out of position.
Torn cartilage
Cartilage is a firm elastic substance which lines adjoining bones. It absorbs the impact on the bones while reducing the friction during sports/ activity.
Damage to cartilage often occurs due to wear and tear from long-term overuse.
Sprains
A sprain is a damaged ligament.Sprains often occur when stretching too far past the normal range of a joint, but can also be caused by falling or colliding with an opponent.
What is the most common sprain in sport?
A twisted ankle
What is the symptom of a sprain?
Swelling
Soft tissue injury
Joints are where two or more bones meet. They are particular prone to injury because movement past the range can tear or pull tendons or ligaments
What is a strain?
A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or a tendon ( while a sprain is an injury to a ligament).
What is one of the most common strain?
Hamstring strain
Greenstick break
Break only part way across the bone
Transverse
Break straight across
Impacted
Pieces locked into each other
Comminuted
Broken into more than two pieces
Oblique
Break at an angle
Abrasions
Abrasions or grazes can be caused by friction of the skin against a rough surface. It can occur from a tackle or just simply falling over during a game of football
What is golfers elbow?
Golfer’s Elbow is felt as pain on the inside of the elbow. It is a repetitive strain injury caused by overuse of the forearm muscles i.e gripping, lifting and activities that involve repetitive forward bending of the wrist.
What is tennis elbow?
inflammation of the tendons of the elbow (epicondylitis) caused by overuse of the muscles of the forearm.
What does rice stand for?
Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate
Rest
Rest the injured area for 48 hours
Ice
Ice for 20 mins at a time, 4-8 times per day
Compress
Compress to help reduce swelling
Elevate
Elevate the injured limb 6-10 inches above the heart
What are the five injury prevention techniques?
Correct application of the principles of training
Correct application and adherence to the rules
Use of appropriate protective clothing
Checking of equipment and facilities
Use of a warm-up and cool-down
Playing to the rules and competition
All games and sports have rules so that there can be fair competition. Rules help to ensure player safety.
Protective equipment/clothing
Mamy activities require protective equipment or specific clothing. This will vary depending on the sport and position.
Checking equipmeng and facilities
Organisers and officials, as well as participants, need to check for safety. E.g frozen pitch
