Small Animal- Stud Dog and Tom Cat Flashcards
what are some concerning conditions with the prostate?
benign prostatic hyperplasia
prostatitis
neoplasia
how can you collect sperm from a cat?
artificial vagina
ex copular ejaculation
is blood tinged sperm okay to use for insemination?
yes
is semen volume indicative of anything?
no
what is the ideal number of sperm per pound of dog?
10 million sperm/lb
what are some primary semen abnormalities?
abnormal head shape
abnormal midpiece
coiled or double tail
proximal cytoplasmic droplet
released acrosome
what does the success of AI depend on?
insemination technique
semen quality
timing of insemination
what is added to chilled semen to preserve it?
cryoprotectants
antibiotics
nutrients
when should you aim to freeze semen for a dog for cryopreservation?
2 to 5 years of age
what is phimosis?
preputial orifice is too small to extrude penis
what is the most common disorder of sexual development in the dog?
cryptorchidism
what is azoospermia?
failure to produce sperm or failure to ejaculate sperm
what is benign prostatic hyperplasia caused by?
ongoing testosterone exposure
what is prostatitis?
inflammation of prostate
often discussed as bacterial in origin
how can you treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?
castration
finasteride, 5 mg per dog
when should cats not intended for breeding be sterilized?
by 5 months of age
when is sperm gone from the tract after vasectomy?
within 24 hours
which accessory sex glands do dogs and toms have?
dog: prostate
tom: prostate and bulbourethral
what should you examine the penis for?
persistent frenulum
penile mass
fracture of os penis or other trauma
hypospadia
balanoposthitis
penile barbs in tomcat
what could cause the scrotum, testes, or epididymis to be enlarged?
orchitis
epidiymitis
what are the options for testing for brucellosis?
RSAT
IFA
AGID
what might make semen yellow?
residual urine
prostatic fluid discoloration
what can you use to perform a semen count?
hemocytometer cassettes
densimeter
computer assisted sperm analysis
what should progressive motility be?
> 70%
what should normal morphology be?
> 70%
what are some secondary semen abnormalities?
detached heads
bent tail
distal cytoplasmic droplet
when does puberty occur in the tom?
7-12 months: penile attachments to prepuce broken down
how long is cryopreserved semen viable in the bitch?
24 hours
what is balanoposthitis?
inflammation of penis and/or prepuce
what can cause balanoposthitis?
bacterial infection
trauma
allergies
cancer
phimosis
what is priapism?
persistent penile erection not associated with sexual excitement
often neurological
why should cryptorchid testes be removed?
to avoid testicular cancer
what is orchitis or epididymitis?
acute inflammation of testes or epididymis
usually bacterial or viral in dogs, rare in cats (trauma)
what should you check for in orchitis/epididymitis?
brucellosis
what does brucellosis cause in dogs?
epididymitis
prostatitis
uveitis
diskospondylitis
how can you diagnose azoospermia?
check alkaline phosphatase in ejaculate
if >1000U/L complete ejaculate
is there an effect on fertility with benign prostatic hypertrophy?
frozen semen: yes
fresh or chilled: no
does prostatitis preclude fertility?
no but avoid breeding
what neoplasias are seen in the prostate?
adenocarcinoma or transitional cell carcinoma
what behavioral issues are linked with alteration?
anxiety
inter-dog aggression decreased with alteration
when should small dogs be altered according to AAHA?
6-12 months
when should large breed dogs be altered according to AAHA?
9-15 months
what needs to be removed in a vasectomy to reduce risk of recanalization?
a section of vas deferens
