Cow Part 1 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

what is the aim of transrectal palpation?

A

retract the uterus and palpate the entire elngth of both horns, the ovaries, oviduct, and bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can ultrasonography be used for?

A

early pregnancy diagnosis
sexing fetus
ovarian scans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the four palpable characteristics of a corpus luteum?

A

size
irregular shape
waist
crown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is blood progesterone for a functional corpus luteum?

A

> 1ng/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the four positive signs of pregnancy in transrectal palpation?

A

fetal membrane slip
amniotic vesicle
placentomes
fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is an enlarged/asymmetric fluid-filled horn diagnostic of pregnancy?

A

not on own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when can you feel the fetal membrane slip?

A

> day 30-35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when can you “bump a calf”?

A

> 5months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when can you diagnose a cow as “open”?

A

after day 28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what produces pregnancy-associated glycoproteins?

A

placental trophoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when does the embryo become visible?

A

32 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

are pregnancy-associated glycoproteins reliable for fetus viability?

A

no- long half life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the goal for days from calving to pregnancy?

A

100-135 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the goal for pregnancy rate?

A

> 25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the pregnancy rate?

A

proportion of open cows becoming pregnant over time: 21 day periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the ideal goal of conception rate?

17
Q

what is the conception rate for most modern dairies?

18
Q

what is the etiology of vaginal prolapse?

A

incompetence of vagino-vestibular sphincter

19
Q

does vaginal prolapse have a relationship with prolapse of the uterus?

20
Q

what does the retention method of vaginal prolapse depend on?

A

pregnancy status
ability of client to manage
short term vs long term

21
Q

what is the buhner stitch?

A

deep perivaginal suture

22
Q

what are the retention options for vaginal prolapse?

A

bootlace suture
buhner stitch
minchev technique
cervicopexy

23
Q

will vaginal prolapse recur during subsequent pregnancies?

24
Q

what can you use to retract the uterus?

A

cervix
broad ligament
ventral intercornual ligament

25
what can you see to indicate whether a cow is in estrus?
rubbed tail head vulvar discharge
26
how accurate is diagnosis of a functional corpus luteum by palpation?
70%
27
what are the supportive signs of pregnancy in transrectal palpation?
enlarged/asymmetric fluid-filled horn fremitus in middle uterine artery
28
how large are placentomes at 75-80 days?
1cm or less
29
what can you use to estimate age?
amniotic vesicle size placentome size middle uterine artery fremitus/size fetus
30
when can you diagnose a cow as open with ultrasound?
day 28
31
when are pregnancy-associated glycoproteins detectable in blood?
day 24 to several weeks postpartum
32
are pregnancy-associated glycoproteins specific to pregnancy?
yes
33
how can you test for pregnancy-associated glycoproteins?
biopryn DG29 idexx bovine pregnancy test blood or milk
34
what is pregnancy rate for?
measuring current reproductive performance
35
how is conception rate calculated?
1/services per conception
36
what can lead to incompetence of vagino-vestibular sphincter?
hereditary predisposition previous calving trauma estrogenic
37
what is 4 degree vaginal prolapse?
long duration with deep necrosis
38
what is the gold standard for vaginal prolapse retention?
cervicopexy
39
what does a buhner stitch stimulate?
vaginovestibular sphincter