Cow Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

who is uterine torsion most common in?

A

dairy cows
brown swiss especially

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2
Q

does carrying twins protect a cow from uterine torsion?

A

yes

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3
Q

how can you treat a uterine torsion?

A

manual correction per vaginum
detorsion rod
rolling and “plank in the flank”
surgical correction

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4
Q

what is the more common hydrops of fetal membranes?

A

hydrops of allantois: 90%

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5
Q

is hydrops of allantois or hydrops of amnion rapid accumulation of fluid?

A

hydrops of allantois

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6
Q

how can you induce therapeutic abortion in days 7-150?

A

prostaglandin

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7
Q

how can you induce parturition?

A

corticosteroids
prostaglandin
both

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8
Q

how can you treat fetal mummification?

A

prostaglandin

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9
Q

what is a sequela to fetal mummification?

A

fetal maceration

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10
Q

when does uterine prolapse occur?

A

most immediately after calving
rarely after several days

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11
Q

what are the risk factors for uterine prolapse?

A

hypocalcemia
forced fetal extraction
flaccid uterus/gravity

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12
Q

what do you want to elevate the uterus to when fixing a uterine torsion?

A

level of ischial arch

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13
Q

what drugs are given to a cow after uterine prolapse?

A

calcium
oxytocin
antibiotics?
suture vulva?

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14
Q

what are the potential complications with uterine prolapse?

A

uterine rupture
uterine artery rupture
intestinal prolapse
re-prolapse (rare with proper replacement)

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15
Q

what are the risk factors for retained placenta?

A

hypocalcemia
selenium, vitamin A deficient
twins
premature calving/abortion
stress

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16
Q

is manual removal of the retained placenta indicated?

A

no- contraindicated

17
Q

is intrauterine therapy for retained placentas recommended?

A

no
damages endometrium and precludes cow’s own defenses from working

18
Q

when does uterine torsion occur?

A

late stage I-early stage II
torsions <180 degrees may present days-weeks without signs until labor begins

19
Q

what treatment choice is best for a recumbent cow with uterine torsion?

A

rolling

20
Q

can you palpate the fetus and placentomes in hydrops of allantois and amnion?

A

only in hydrops of amnion

21
Q

what can be seen externally with hydrops of allantois?

A

severe abdominal distension: barrel-shaped

22
Q

what can you give to induce abortion at 5-8 months?

A

prostaglandin and dexamethasone

23
Q

when should you expect delivery after you give drugs to induce parturition?

A

40-50 hours

24
Q

what risk is increased if you induce parturition?

A

risk of retained placenta

25
Q

what can you give for an epidural?

A

5-7 ml 2% lidocaine for mature cows
can add xylazine

26
Q

what is the prognosis of uterine prolapse?

A

good for life and fertility if promptly treated
rarely recurs

27
Q

is there treatment proven to decrease duration of retention and improve fertility with a retained placenta?

A

no

28
Q

why is intrauterine therapy for retained placentas not used?

A

milk residue/withholding issues
damages endometrium and precludes cow’s own defenses from working