Sleep Disorders Flashcards
Polysomnography
Sleep study
Examples of what may be on a “sleep hygiene” list
Timing of stimulants
Exercise
Limiting screen time
Using medications as directed
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY INSOMNIA
(CBTI) addresses areas such as
Stimulus control
Sleep restriction
Cognitive therapy
Sleep hygiene
Relaxation training
Psychoeducation FOR for sleep d/o targets
What’s going on and how
Recovery FOR for sleep d/o targets
self-determination, responsibility, hope, dignity
Behavioral FOR for sleep d/o targets
Performance patterns
Sensory integration FOR for sleep d/o targets
Input
OA FOR for sleep d/o targets
Environmental
Biomechanical FOR for sleep d/o targets
Sleep position
3 main SLEEP-WAKE DISORDERS IDENTIFIED IN THE DSM5
Insomnia
Nightmare
Narcolepsy
WHY ARE SLEEP DISORDERS IN THE DSM?
often accompanied by depression, anxiety, and cognitive changes
can lead to mental illnesses and substance use disorders.
may be an early warning sign for an episode of mental illness, neurological conditions, medical conditions, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Medical and neurological conditions may be worsened during sleep
Apnea?
Absence of air flow
Obstruction apnea
Pharyngeal airway obstruction
Central apnea?
Caused by variability in respiratory effort
Insomnia
An individual perception
The dx of insomnia is based on
Subjective perception of the quality and/or quantity of sleep
Caretaker report
Types of insomnia
Initial
Maintainance
Late
Non-restorative sleep
Initial insomnia
Hard time falling asleep
Maintenance insomnia
Hard time staying asleep
Late insomnia
Waking up earlier than desired
Non-restorative sleep insomnia
Don’t go back to sleep
Cause of insomnia
distress, impairment in social or cognitive function
“Special people” when it comes to sleep
Trains, and planes and automobiles
Students
Those who live in places where they have months of darkness or months of light
Shift workers
Types of costs of sleep
Direct
Indirect
Related
Intangible
Direct costs of sleep
medical and non medical
Office calls to health care professionals
Diagnostic tests: Polysomnography as well as rule-outs for other potential medical conditions
Hospital services
Medications
Prescription, OTC, ETOH (self medicate w/ substance)
Equipment
Indirect costs of sleep
Decreased productivity — Absenteeism or Presentism
Accidents — Industrial or Transportation
Co-morbid conditions
Related costs of sleep
Property damage
Travel cost to healthcare providers
Overlapping illnesses
Intangible costs of sleep
QOL — pain and suffering
Schooling
ADLs
The cost of sleep can cause
Increased pain perception
Increased depression
Decreased cognition
Increased anxiety
Poor sleep
The baggage of lack of sleep can bring on
Fear
Anger
Worry
Emotional baggage
Meds for sleep
Initial approach
Poor result w/ behavioral intervention
Bridge to behavioral therapy
Behavioral therapy for sleep
Habit change
OT intervention for sleep d/o
Grading activities — activity analysis
Bladder training
Pain management — positioning/ROM/ergonomics
Pillow
Schedule
Environmental adaptation
Exercise
Sensory integration
Time management
Nutrition
