Environment 29 & 30: Intro & Policies Flashcards
Places that OTs work including settings with a primary or secondary focus on mental health practice
Practice settings
The environment and its impact on occupational performance, specific environmental assessments, and interventions aimed at creating a supportive environment
Lived environment
Most common barrier of community participation
Lack of transportation
Analysis
observations of environment
Adaptation
Interventions and change of context w/ in environment
Components of the environment involve
Adaptation and analysis
beliefs and behavioral expectations of the society
Cultural context
age, gender, socioeconomic status, and educational status
Personal context
buildings and terrain, the availability of green space, and even plants, objects, and tools.
Sensory qualities
Physical context
made up of relationships with individuals, groups, and organizations.
Social context
refers to stage of life, time of day and/ or year, duration, rhythm of activity in a person’s life, and the individual’s occupational history
Temporal context
internet, texting, social media, video messaging, & others provide social connection, information, & leisure
Virtual context
An environment providing freedom and engagement for optimal growth
Mainly seen in peds and geriatrics
Least restrictive environment (LRE)
People with mental illness have higher rates of:
Unemployment
Homelessness
Poverty
Incarceration than the general population
Environmental obstacles of mental illness
Attitudinal Barrie’s
Poverty
War and violence
Complex physical environments
Lack of health care
Serration and isolation
Criminal Justice system
Key environmental resources
peer-led organizations, self-help and peer support, family and friends, and community resources
Peer-led organizations and other support
Self-help organizations
Peer-led services are increasing in numbers, and the mutual support they provide directly addresses the social environment of people with psychiatric disabilities.
Mental health services directed by professionals can also contribute to the development of friendships.
Community resources
Libraries
Food pantries
Cooperative extension system
Faith-based organizations
Consumer operated organizations
Food bank
Hospital practice setting includes
Acute
Subacute
Speciality Hosptials
Community practice setting includes
Outpatient
SNF
Nursing home
Mental health can also be practiced in what 3rd type of setting
SCHOOL
one of two government-funded health insurance programs run by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
provides health insurance for all people eligible for Social Security benefits over the age of 65 and to people under the age of 65 with disabilities. For a person under 65 with disabilities to qualify for Medicare, he or she must be eligible for SSDI
Medicare
funds are provided to people who have not been adequately employed and consequently have not paid sufficient Social Security taxes to qualify for SSDI or Social Security Retirement benefits
Entitlement
Hospital insurance
Inpatient mental health services, skilled nursing, long-term care, hospice, home health, therapy services
Yearly deductible, co-insurance costs
Medicare part A
Medical insurance
Diagnostic and preventive services, outpatient mental health services, partial hospitalization
Yearly deductible, monthly premium; no coverage for prescription drug costs
Medicare part B
Medicare advantage
Includes all services included in Parts A and B; participant may choose an HMO or PPO
Administered by private insurers; medical savings accounts include high deductibles
Medicare part C
Prescription drug insurance
Covers prescription drug costs
Requires additional premium; includes a penalty for each year not accessed once eligible
Medicare part D
designed to provide monetary income to citizens of the United States who are over age 65, blind, or disabled.
is an entitlement
SSI
National health insurance program for people with low income
Funded through a combination of state and federal dollars
Medicaid
Entitlement policies that are not linked to SSA
Food and Nutrition and Low-Income Housing policies
Non-SSA Entitlement policies
Federal programs administered through the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the Emergency Food Assistance Program (TE- FAP), and programs specifically designed to assist mothers and children.
Food and nutrition policy
section 8 housing and shelter plus care
Low-income housing policy
Permanent integrated housing with available services to help a person maintain his or her housing
The ADA mandate to provide services in the least restrictive setting has resulted in the expansion of
Funded through federal and state retail subsides
Supported housing
Involves mental health parity and addiction equity act (MHPAEA) and Triple Aim
Private heath insurance
put forth by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI)
strives to improve the personal experience of healthcare services, improve the health of the population, and reduce the per capita expense.
THE TRIPLE AIM
meant to strengthen consumer participation in their healthcare services and in the system in general
Patient Bill of Rights
Rehab act of 1973, Section 504, Patient Bill of Rights
Civil rights policies
The deinstitutionalization and transinstitutionalization movements are examples of
consequences of policies that directly impact the lives and civil liberties of individuals with psychiatric disabilities
Supplemental coverage
Helps to cover out-of-pocket costs and associated Medicare (drug co-pays, deductibles) costs
Administered by private insurers; available only to those with Medicare Parts A & B, not available to those with Part C
Medigap
