Elmination Disorders

Question 1

Inability or unwillingness to control urination

Drips

Answer 1

Enuresis

Question 2

withholding feces and ignoring the need to defecate\

Drops

Answer 2

Encopresis

Question 3

Common co-occurring disorders of enuresis

Answer 3

dev. Disabilities, ASD, and sleep disorders

Question 4

Etiology of enuresis

Answer 4

Clear genetic factor exists in development of enuresis; mothers who had this condition 3.6 more likely than others to have it

Question 5

Enuresis is more common in…

Answer 5

Boys bc of sower neural development

Question 6

Medical conditions to rule out for Enuresis

Answer 6

UTIs, back malformation, and other physiological contributors

Question 7

Enuresis prognosis

Answer 7

Without treatment, 15% of children will improve spontaneously; with treatment, prognosis quite good

Question 8

Social and family effect of Enuresis

Answer 8

Social effect: sleepover, school nap time
Family effect:stress, excess cleaning, resentment

Question 9

“After ignoring the need, they eventually lose the ability to recognize the impulse”

This describes

Answer 9

Encopresis

Question 10

Diagnostic criteria for Encopresis

Answer 10

repeated defecation (voluntary or involuntary) in inappropriate places in an individual who is at least 4 or equivalent. developmentally (APA, 2013); occurs 1x month for at least 3 months

Question 11

Possible comorbidities of Encopresis

Answer 11

ADD/ADHD, conduct disorder, OCD, or cognitive delay

Question 12

Etiology of Encopresis

Answer 12

a poor diet w/low fiber and high intake of sugary fluids, stress, low physical activity level, and unpredictable daily routine

Question 13

Combo of risk factors for Encopresis

Answer 13

Unpleasant experience with potty training
Chronic constipation during infancy
Low muscle tone/coordination
Slow intestinal mobility
Male gender

Question 14

Prognosis of Encopresis

Answer 14

Unpleasant experience with potty training
Chronic constipation during infancy
Low muscle tone/coordination
Slow intestinal mobility
Male gender

Question 15

Early intervention essential with treatment in 6 main areas for Encopresis

Answer 15

Tx of bowel impaction
Dietary changes
Bowel training
Behavior management — amount of time spent on the toilet, reward
Family support — family education on intervention
Medications (stool softeners NOT laxatives) — why? B/c it is a chemical stimulant