Sleep

Question 1

beta vs alpha vs theta vs delta waves

Answer 1

high frequency, awake/alert, concentration vs awake but relaxed, slower waves (daydreaming) vs stages 1-2 sleep or drowsiness/deep meditation, irreg waves vs low frequency, high voltage, deep sleep (stages 3-4)

Question 2

Sleep stages of synchronized sleep

Answer 2

Stage 1: transition from wakefulness to sleep, hypnic jerks, theta waves, low brain activity

2: EEG activity inc with K complexes (shows cortisol suppression), sleep spindles (stay asleep), theta waves
3: eye movement stops, low wave freq and high amplitude, deep sleep, delta waves
4: slow wave sleep, deep sleep, delta waves

Question 3

REM vs NREM sleep

Answer 3

aka paradoxical sleep. Blood flow, HR and breathing patterns mimic wakefulness and become more irreg, atonia - skel muscle paralysis –> little to no EMG, dreaming vs aka synchronized sleep, stages 1-4

Question 4

At what stage does dreaming occur?

Answer 4

75% in REM sleep, the rest in all other stages of sleep

Question 5

How does cortisol play a role in sleep?

Answer 5

more light –> hypothalamus releases CRF –> anterior pituitary releases ACTH –> adrenal cortex releases cortisol

Question 6

Hypnogogic vs hypnopompic hallucinations

Answer 6

hallucinating going to sleep vs hallucinating waking up

Question 7

Dyssomnias vs parasomnias

Answer 7

trouble going to or staying asleep vs abnml movements during sleep

Question 8

REM rebound

Answer 8

earlier and greater onset of REM than nml

Question 9

activation synthesis dream theory vs problem solving dream theory vs cognitive process dream theory

Answer 9

we dream b/c of random activation of brain circuitry vs we dream to solve problems vs dreams = random stream of consciousness

Question 10

Length of average sleep cycle and order of stages

Answer 10

Entire cycle is about 90 min; 1-2-3-4-3-2-REM