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1.1 Histology, Anatomy and Physiology > Skin - Introduction > Flashcards

Skin - Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is the integument system composed of?

2

A

The cutaneous membrane

Accessory structures

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2
Q

What is the cutaneous membrane composed of?

2

A

Epithelium - epidermis

Connective tissue - dermis

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3
Q

What accessory structures make up the integument system?

4

A

Hair

Nails

Glands

Sensory structures

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4
Q

How many layers are there to the skin?

A

Three

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5
Q

What are the three layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis

Dermis

Hypodermis

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6
Q

Describe the epidermis’s composition

3 parts

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

basement membrane

Areolar CT of dermis

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7
Q

Describe the dermis’s composition

3 parts

A

Composed of loose areolar CT

Dense irregular CT proper

Accessory structures

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8
Q

Describe the hypodermis’s composition

A

Loose CT/superficial fascia

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9
Q

What is the hypodermis also known as?

A

Subcutaneous layer

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10
Q

How many types of skin cells are there?

A

Three main types of skin cells

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11
Q

Name the three types of skin cells.

A

Squamous cells

Basal cells

Melanocytes

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12
Q

Describe squamous cells.

A

Flat cells in the outer/superficial part of the epidermis that are constantly shed as new ones form

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13
Q

Describe basal cells

A

Cells in the lower/deeper part of the epidermis, called the basal cell layer

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14
Q

Where are basal cells found?

A

The basal cell layer

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15
Q

Describe melanocytes

A

These cells make the brown pigment called melanin, which gives the skin its tan or brown colour

Melanin acts as the body’s natural sunscreen

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16
Q

What separates the epidermis from the deeper layers of skin?

A

The basement membrane

17
Q

What are the five functions of the skin?

A

Protection

Homeostatic control

Excretion

Sensory Perception

Storage

18
Q

What does the skin protect us from?

5

A

Dehydration

Infection

Abrasion

UV damage

Cold/heat

19
Q

What two things does the skin have homeostatic control over?

A

Temperature

Vitamin D synthesis

20
Q

What is excreted through the skin?

A

Water

Salts

Oils

21
Q

Where does sensory perception take place in the skin?

A

At the tactile receptors and free nerve endings

22
Q

What is stored in the skin (storage function)?

A

Lipid

23
Q

What are the two types of skin?

A

Thin and thick

24
Q

Give two examples of thick skin

A

Palms of the hand

Soles of the feet

25
Q

How is skin classified into thick or thin?

A

Based on the number of epidermal layers

26
Q

How many epidermal layers does thick skin have?

A

Five

27
Q

How many epidermal layers does thin skin have?

A

Four

28
Q

What specialised type of epithelial cell is present in skin?

A

Keratinised epithelial cells

1.1 Histology, Anatomy and Physiology (40 decks)

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