Epithelial Cells - Apical specialisation

Question 1

What are the three domains of epithelial cells?

Answer 1

Apical

Lateral

Basal

Question 2

What is the apical aspect also called?

Answer 2

Free domain

Question 3

What is the apical aspect?

Answer 3

The surface layer of cells which are in contact with exterior surface (air)/lumen (tube interior) e.g. blood, chyme, urine or body cavities

Question 4

Name three substances found inside a lumen?

Answer 4

Blood

Chyme

Urine

Question 5

What is a lumen?

Answer 5

The interior of a tube

Question 6

List three apical specialisations.

Answer 6

Keratin

Cilia

Microvilli

Question 7

What is keratin?

Answer 7

A protein found on some skin surfaces that provides additional strength

Question 8

Name two places in the body where cilia are found.

Answer 8

In the trachea

In the fallopian tubes

Question 9

How are the epithelia of the trachea classified?

Answer 9

They are classified as a ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

Question 10

What is the function of microvilli?

Answer 10

They increase the surface area of the epithelial cells

Question 11

Name two places where microvilli are found.

Answer 11

They are found in the jejunum of the gut

They are found in the kidney tubules (PCT)

Question 12

What is the role of microvilli in the jejunum?

Answer 12

They are responsible for the absorption of nutrients

Question 13

What is the role of micrcovili in the kidney tubules?

Answer 13

They are necessary for absorption

Question 14

What type of cells produce keratin?

Answer 14

Keratinocytes

Question 15

What is the role of keratin in the cells?

Answer 15

Keratin forms granules in the cytoplasm

Question 16

Where can keratinised epithelia be found internally?

Answer 16

Keratinised epithelia are found in the oesophagus of some animals e.g. cows who require extra protection in their oesophagus due to the frequent uptake of stones