Skeletal System and Connective Tissue (5/14) Flashcards
Connective tissue
bone, blood, fat tissue, cartilage, ligaments, tendons
Cartilage
flexible, rubber-like tissue. no nerves or blood vessels
What is cartilage made of?
chondrocytes, cells that make up protein
most abundant
Ligaments and tendons
ligaments- bone to bone
tendon- muscle to bone
Axial
vertical axis: CNS
skull and vertebral column
Skull
22 bones
Spine
24 vertebrae
Rib
12 bones
Appendicular skeleton
Mainly concerned with mobility pectoral girdle pelvic girdle upper extremity lower extremity
Long bones
ends are called epiphysis
in between is the growth plate and the middle is the diaphysis
joints
pivot, saddle, hinge, plane, condyloid, ball and socket
synolvial
freely moveable joints
Fibrous joints
holds two bones together with fibrous connective tissue
Cartiaginous
made of cartilage
EX) vertebrae of spine
Cartiaginous
made of cartilage
EX) vertebrae of spine
Osteoblasts
create new bone
Osteroclasts
break down bone
“chew up”
incorporate calcium into bone when calcium levels are low in bone
Osteocyte
most common
“retired osteoblasts”
Hormones
PTH
Calcitriol- derivative of vitamin D
Calcitonin- decrease blood calcium levels, secreted by thyroid
Compact bone
hard and dense
structural support
-Osteon (Haversian system)
Spongy bone
porous, less dense
Bone marrow
creates all of our blood cells
red- red and white blood cells
yellow- adipocytes (storage for fat tissue)
