Biotechnology

Question 1

Restriction enzymes

Answer 1

Prokaryotic DNAses that evolved in bacteria and archaea as an internal defense system against viruses. They recognize and cleave highly specific recognition sites on DNA

Question 2

Characteristic of restriction enzymes

Answer 2

4 to 8 DNA base pairs long, palindromic sequences: inverted repeats

Question 3

What happened when restriction enzymes cleave DNA at the restriction site?

Answer 3

They form either blunt ends or sticky ends (more desirable)

Question 4

Types of vectors to insert DNA into

Answer 4

plasmids and bacteriophages

Question 5

Types of vectors to insert DNA into

Answer 5

plasmids and bacteriophages

Question 6

Reporter gene

Answer 6

codes for a protein that elicits some kind if visible phenotypic change

Question 7

Blue colonies

Answer 7

must contain intact B-gala

Question 8

White colonies

Answer 8

must contain recombinant plasmid

Question 9

Bacteriophages

Answer 9

Infects cells with a gene of interest

Question 10

Steps for generating recombinant DNA are

Answer 10

1. synthesize a gene sequence with the proper restriction sites
2. digest the insert and relevant vector components with restriction enzyme
3. ligate the vector and insert with DNA ligase
4. insert plasmid into bacteria to be replicated
5. find plasmid of interest

Question 11

Mass protein production

Answer 11

Bacterial replication, plasmids to mass produce insulin for example

Question 12

Alteration to genetic code

Answer 12

Plasmids can modify genes

Question 13

Knockout genes

Answer 13

organisms who have had one or more genes deleted

Question 14

Transgenic organism

Answer 14

modifying an existing gene

Question 15

Transgenic organism

Answer 15

introducing a new gene