Simplified Immune Cards based on study guide Flashcards
External Pathogens
bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasitic protists
abnormal human body cells
ex. cancer
lymph vessels
tubes that run parallel to the circulatory vessels (arteries and veins) and serve as a blood filtration system to remove foreign particles
Lymph Nodes
Oval shaped organs in the armpits, neck, etc. that are connected to lymph vessels
collect foreign particles and store B and T cells
Spleen
stores blood cells, removes clumped pathogens coated with antibodies form the blood stream
Adenoids (tonsils)
trap pathogens
Bone Marrow
stem cells within the bone marrow differentiate into blood cells
location where B lymphocytes mature
Thymus
organ in the neck that is used to create and promote maturation of T lymphocytes
T or F: Plants and all animal have nonspecific immune responses
true
there responses attack all pathogens in the same way
Hypersensitivity response
plants
cells that come in direct contact with pathofen undergo apoptosis and signal other nearby cells to improve defenses in cell wall
Physical barriers
part of first line of defense
skin mucous membranes, cilia lining respiratory tract
try to keep pathogens out
Chemical barriers
first line of defense
sweat (acidic) tears and saliva (lysozyme) stomach acid (SO ACIDIC IT IS UNREAL)
Leukocytes
second line of defense
phagocytic white blood cells that swallow foreign stuff
ex. macrophages
Inflammatory response
cells release histamine (dilation of blood vessels)
blood supply increases to injury (redness, warming, swelling) m
leukocytes come to swallow and digest pathogens
Fever
widespread inflammatory response, high temp interferes with bacterial and viral activity
