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Italian From Beginning > Simple Prepositions (preposizioni semplici ) > Flashcards

Simple Prepositions (preposizioni semplici ) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are prepositions?

A

Small words that helps that help show how words relate to others in the sentence
(direction, time, location, or introduce an object)

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2
Q

What is the difference between Italian and English prepositions?

A

English = choose preposition based on movement.
(ex: going to, staying in, etc.)

Italian = choose preposition based on the word or name you have
(ex: if talking about Rome, you will use “a” if you are going to, live in, etc.)

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3
Q

Where are Italian prepositions located in a sentence?

A

Location = always before the noun or pronoun to show relationship to the rest of the sentence. Never at the end of the sentence (like we do in English)

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of prepositions

A

1) simple

2) compound/articulated (preposition + indefinite article)

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5
Q

Simple Prepositions - how many are there and what are they?

A

9

di, a, da
in, con, su
per, tra, fra

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6
Q

In general, what does “di” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

of, from, about

il = del
lo = dello
la = della
l’ = dell’
i = dei
gli = degli
le = delle

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7
Q

In general, what does “a” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

in (a city), to, at

il = al
lo = allo
la = alla
l’ = all’
i = ai
gli = agli
le = alle

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8
Q

In general, what does “da” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

since, from, by

il = dal
lo = dallo
la = dalla
l’ = dall’
i = dai
gli = dagli
le = dalle

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9
Q

In general, what does “con” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

with

no articulated prepositions. Use “con” + article

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10
Q

In general, what does “in” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

in (a country), at, by

il = nel
lo = nello
la = nella
l’ = nell’
i = nei
gli = negli
le = nelle

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11
Q

In general, what does “su” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

on, onto, over

il = sul
lo = sullo
la = sulla
l’ = sull’
i = sui
gli = sugli
le = sulle

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12
Q

In general, what does “per” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

for, by, because of

no articulated prepositions. Use “per” + article

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13
Q

In general, what does “tra/fra” mean?

What are the articulated prepositions?

A

between, among

no articulated prepositions. Use “tra or fra” + article

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14
Q

What does Italian preposition “a” mean?

What are the 4 occasions you use “a”?

A

in, to, at

1) movement to or destination / where something is or where someone is going = relating to a CITY or SMALL Island
*Using “A” (as opposed to “in”) is based on the word (place) of what we are moving towards or in, NOT based on the type of movement or the verb
Ex: Vado a Roma (I go to Rome)
Ex: Abito a Roma (I live in Rome)

2) Object/person benefitting or receiving an action
Ex. Mando una lettera a mio padre = I’m sending a letter to my father
Ex: Do una mano a mia sorella = I will give my sister a hand

3) Time or Months of year
Ex: alle 12:00 = at 12:00
Ex: a marzo = in march

4) Idiomatic expressions
Memorize

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15
Q

at / to dinner

A

a cena

*idiomatic - always “a cena”

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16
Q

in/to bed

A

a letto

*idiomatic - always “a letto”

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17
Q

walking / on foot

A

a piedi

*idiomatic - always “a piedi”

(careful - “in piedi” is standing)

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18
Q

at / to work

A

A lavoro

*idiomatic - always “a lavoro”

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19
Q

at home / (to) home

A

a casa

*idiomatic - always “a casa”

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20
Q

at/to school

A

a scuola

*idiomatic - always “a scuola”

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21
Q

at the table

A

a tavola

“a” = idiomatic

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22
Q

at / to lunch

A

A pranzo

*idiomatic - always “a pranzo”

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23
Q

1) I’m in London
2) I go to London
3) I live in Rome

A

1) Sono a Londra (I’m in London)
2) Vado a Londra (I go to London)
3) Abito a Roma (I live in Rome)

All use “a” b/c talking about moving to or staying in a city

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24
Q

at / to the theater

A

a teatro
(tee-AH-troh)

“a” = idiomatic

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25
Q

I’m sending a letter to my father

A

Mando una lettera a mio padre

*A = because my father is the person receiving the action of getting the letter

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26
Q

I’ll give my sister a hand

A

Do una mano a mia sorella

*“a” because your sister is receiving the action of giving a hand

dare = to give

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27
Q

We are in Rome for the weekend

A

Siamo a Roma per il fine settimana

“a” = b/c in a city
“Per” “ for a set duration w/ set endtime

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28
Q

At 12:00

A

alle dodici

(a + le = alle)

“a” b/c referring to time
“le” b/c refers to Ora / ore (fem, plur)

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29
Q

I’m going to Italy in March

A

Vado in Italia a marzo

“in” italia b/c is a country
“a” marzo b/c talking about a month

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30
Q

What does Italian preposition “in” mean?

What are the 4 occasions you use “in”?

A

in, at, by (transportation), seasons

1) Location (within house, continent, region, country or big island) or destination (when you walk into a place) *not a home or place of work - that is “da”.

2) means of transportation (going by, you are in that type of transportation)

3) discussion about seasons and daily moments

4) some idiomatic expressions
Memorize

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31
Q

I live in Italy

A

Vivo in Italia

“in” = b/c in a country

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32
Q

I go to Italy

A

Vado in Italia

“in” b/c to a country

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33
Q

I went to Puglia (region in Italy)

A

Sono andato in Puglia (PU-gli-a)

“in” b/c a region of Italy

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34
Q

Travelling

A

in viaggio

“in” = idiomatic / could think of as transporation

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35
Q

by car

A

in macchina

“in” = transportation

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36
Q

by bicycle

A

in bicicletta

“in” = transportation

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37
Q

I go to Italy by train

A

Vado in Italia in trento

“in” italy b/c country
“in” trento b/c form of transporation

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38
Q

In / to the city

A

in città

“in” = idiomatic / always “in città”

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39
Q

at / to the bank

A

in banca

“in” = idiomatic / always “in banca”

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40
Q

at/to the library

A

in biblioteca

“in” = idiomatic / always “in biblioteca”

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41
Q

in town / city center / downtown

A

in centro

“in” = idiomatic / always “in centro”

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42
Q

I am in a taxi

A

sono in taxi

“in” = transporation

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43
Q

at / to the gym

A

in palestra

“in” = idiomatic / always “in palestra”

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44
Q

In / to the office

A

in ufficio
(oo-fee-choh)

“in” = idiomatic / always “in ufficio”

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45
Q

on a trip

A

in vacanza

“in” = idiomatic / always “vacanza” - could think of as transporation

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46
Q

I went to France

A

Sono andato in Francia

“in” = to a country

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47
Q

Do you want to come/go downtown with me?

A

Vuoi venire in centro con me?

“in” = idiomatic / always “in centro”

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48
Q

I am on the bus

A

Sono in autobus

“in”= transportation

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49
Q

in / to the mountains

A

in montagna

“in” = idiomatic

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50
Q

Me and my family go to Naploi (city) on vacation every year

A

Io e la mia familia andiamo a Napoli in vacanza ogni anno

“a” Napoli = b/c a city
“in” vacanza = idomatic / use with vacation

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51
Q

Do you go to school by foot or by car?

A

Vai a scuola a piedi o in macchina?

“A” scuola = idiomatic
“a” piedi = walking vs. “in” piedi = standing
“in” macchina = b/c transporation

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52
Q

In the evening I’ll call Luca

A

In serata telefonerò a Luca

“in” serata b/c talking about a daily moment (evening)

“A” Luca = person receiving the action

(telephon-err-oh)

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53
Q

Flowers blossom in spring

A

I fiori sbocciano in primavera

(sboch-ano)

“in” b/c talking about a season

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54
Q

Standing

A

in piedi

“in” = idiomatic / always “in piedi” for standing

*note = “a” piedi = walking

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55
Q

What does Italian preposition “da” mean?

What are the 6 occasions you use “da”?

A

since, from, by

1) Destination / Movement from a place. Coming from a place
Ex: I leave from Venice
Ex: Stefania will return home from tennis

2) Origin = where someone is coming from
when “venire” verb is used
- Venire (verb) + da + country
-Do NOT use Essere + da + country
Ex: Venire + da + la + Italia = Vengo dall’Italia (da + l’ = dall’)

3) Movement towards or being at a person or place of work or house
- vado da Luca = I’m going to Luca’s
- always da + person’s name if house or place of work

4) Duration of an action that is still ongoing
- Vivo in Italia da 10 anni = I’ve been living in Italy for 10 years

5) Express purpose/function of an object (what is the object for)
- Fucile da caccia = a hunting rifle

6) Value
- Un anello da 2000 euro (a 2000E ring)

7) Da + Infinitive of a verb (need)
- Ho tanto lavoro da fare = I have a lot of work to do

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56
Q

Stefano comes from Rome

A

Stefano viene da Roma

“da” = from a country using verb venire

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57
Q

The train arrives from Turin

A

Il treno arriva da Torino

“da” = origin is Torino

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58
Q

I go to Luca’s house

A

Vado da Luca

“da” = movement towards Luca’s house

59
Q

My mother goes to the doctor

A

mia madre va dal dottore

*“da/dal” = the doctor’s work/office

60
Q

I am at Luca’s house

A

Sona da Luca

“da” = Luca’s house

61
Q

I’m going to Luca’s

A

Vado da Luca

“da” = going to a house

62
Q

I’ve been studying Italian for two months

A

Studio l’italiano da due mesi

“da” = duration of an action that is still going on

63
Q

I’ve lived in Italy for 10 years

A

Vivo in Italia da dieci anni

“da” = duration of an action that is still going on

64
Q

I’ve played soccer since I was a child

A

Gioco a calcio da quando ero picolo.

“da” = duration of an action that is still going on

65
Q

A typewriter

A

una macchina da scrivere

“da” = purpose of the machine (macchina) is to write

66
Q

A hunting rifle

A

Un fucile da caccia

“da” = the purpose of the rifle is to hunt

67
Q

the train arrived from Milan

A

Il treno è arrivato da Milano

“da” = the train’s origin is Milano

68
Q

I am from Italy

A

Vengo dall’italia

“da” = used with verb venire
Venire verb + da + def article + italy
da + l’ = dall’

69
Q

An evening gown/dress

A

un abito da sera

“da” = purpose of the dress is to wear in the evening

70
Q

I am from the united states

A

Vengo dagli Stati Uniti

“da” is used with venire verb
Venire verb + da + def article + united states
da + gli = dagli

71
Q

Explain how “Di” means and how it is used (4 ways)

A

of, from, about

1) Add information about another thing - quality / quantity
Ex: il libro di matematica = the math book
Ex: un bicchieri di latte

2) Express possession
Ex: la giacca di luca = Luca’s jacket
Ex: di chi è questo computer? = whose computer is this?

3) Express origin when used with verb essere + a City (not country)
*Essere + di + city

  Ex: Sono di Roma = I am from Rome

4) Age
Ex: Un bambino di dieci anni

72
Q

The math book

A

il libro di matematica

“di” = math is more info about the book

73
Q

this wool scarf

A

questa sciarpa di lana
(sharp-a)

“di” = lana (wool) is adding info about the scarf (sciarpa)

74
Q

Luca’s jacket is black

A

la giacca di Luca è nera

“di” = expressing possession (luca’s scarf)

75
Q

Whose computer is this?

A

Di chi è questo computer?

“di” = asking about possession of item

76
Q

I am from Rome

A

sono di Roma

“di”= used with verb “essere” + city

77
Q

My friends are from New York

A

i miei amici sono di New York

“di”= used with verb “essere” + city

78
Q

Explain what “per” means and how it is used (5 ways)

A

for, by, because of

1) Movement to a place where you pass through a place to a final destination
- Vado a Parigi passando per Milano = I’m going to Paris passing by Milan

2) Duration / Action that started in the past and has finished, or will start in the future and then finish (limited time)
- Vado in vacanza per cinque gironi = I am on vacation for 5 days

3) Express the cause of / reason for something
- Mi sento debole per il caldo = I feel weak from the heat

4) Purpose
- Preparo le valigie per andare in vacanza = I pack to go on holiday

5) Object benefiting from the action
- Questo è regalo per Carla = This is a present for carla

79
Q

I’m going on vacation for five days

A

Vado in vacanza per cinque giorni

“In” vacancies = Idiomatic
“per” = set duration / has end time

80
Q

I will run for one hour

A

Corro per un’ora

“per” = set duration / end time

81
Q

I feel weak from the heat

A

Mi sento debole per il caldo

“per” = cause of / reason for something

82
Q

How do you say:
1) I studied italian for 10 years
2) I have been studying italian for 17 years

A

1) Ho studiato italiano PER dicassette anni
“Per” b/c it started and ended

2) Studio italiano DA dicassette anni
“da” b/c it started and is still going

83
Q

Explain what “tra” / “fra” means and how they are used (3 ways)

A

between, among

(they are both the same thing = can use either in any situation)

1) Position that is in between two things
- La pizzeria è tra la banca e la biblioteca = the is between the bank and the library

2) Express and alternative / multiple choice
- devi scegliere tra la pizza e il kebab = you have to choose between pizza and kebab

3) Indicate an action that will take place at a precise moment in the future
- Ci vediamo tra due giorni = See you in two days

84
Q

The pizzeria is between the bank and the library

A

La pizzeria è tra la banca e la biblioteca

“tra/fra” = positioned between 2 things

85
Q

You have to choose between pizza and kebab

A

Devi scegliere tra a pizza e il kebab

“tra/fra” = alternatives/multiple choice

86
Q

See you in two days

A

Ci vediamo tra due giorni

“tra/fra” = indicate action at precise moment in time

87
Q

Between two and four

A

fra il due e il quattro

“tra/fra” = indicate action at a precise time in future

88
Q

in one year…

A

tra un anno…

“tra/fra” = indicate action to take place at price time in future

89
Q

in three months

A

fra tre mesi

“tra/fra” = indicate action to take place at price time in future

90
Q

What does “con” mean and when is it used? (2 ways)

A

With

1) to accompany / company
ex: Vieni con me = Come with me
ex: Sara goes with her friends = sara va con i suoi amici

2) An instrument / tool use of something
ex: to write with a pen = scrivere con la penna

3) Manner of how we do something
ex: I paid with = Ho pagato con…

91
Q

Write with a red pen

A

Scrivere con la penna rossa

“con” = use of an instrument/tool

92
Q

Sara goes to school with her friends

A

Sara va a scuola con i suoi amici

“a scuola” = idiomatic / always “a scuola”

“con” = company/accompany

93
Q

I paid with a credit card

A

Ho pagato con la carta di credito

“con” = use of an instruement/tool and manner of how I paid

94
Q

What does “su” mean and when is it used?

A

on, onto, over

1) something is placed above something else
- la penna è sul tavolo = the pen is on the table

2) subject of a topic
- ho ragionato su quel problema = I thought about that problem.

3) Talking about ratios (three out of four)

4) Approximate amount/# of something (approx $300)

95
Q

on the internet

A

su internet

“su” = on something

96
Q

In three cases out of ten

A

in tre casi su dieci

“su” = ratios

97
Q

On the computer

A

sul computer

98
Q

in the newspaper

A

sul giomale

99
Q

It’s on the left

A

è sulla sinistra

“su” = on the left

100
Q

Did you see that movie on the war

A

Hai visto quell film sulla guerra?

“Su/sulla” = subject of a topic

Su + la = sulla

101
Q

Carle is at lunch at Chiara’s house

A

Carla è a pranzo da Chiara.

102
Q

Monica’s bag

A

La borsa di Monica

*“di” = “of” = used because it’s showing possession of the bag by monica.

103
Q

I’m from Venice

A

Sono di Venezia

“di” b/c shows origin is Venezia / a city

104
Q

A ten-year old child

A

Un bambino di dieci anni

“di” b/c used with age of child

105
Q

A plastic bottle

A

Una bottiglia di plastica

“di” b/c it is referring to quality of the bottle

106
Q

I am at home

A

Sono a casa

“a” = always “a casa”

107
Q

I call Marta

A

Io telefono a Marta

“a” = Marta is benefiting from the call/ action

108
Q

A checkered shirt

A

Una camicia a quadri

“a quadri” = characteristic / description of the shirt

109
Q

He comes back from school

A

Lui torna da scuola

“da” = the origin is school /coming from school

110
Q

They go to Luisa’s house

A

Loro vanno da Luisa

“da” = the destination is Luisa’s house

111
Q

A swimming costume

A

Un costume da bagno

“da” = the function of the costume is swimming

112
Q

A 2000E ring

A

Un anello da duemila euro

“da” = value of the ring is 2000E

113
Q

I’ve lived in Italy for 2 years

A

Vivo in Italia da due anni

“da” = duration of time since I’ve lived here

114
Q

I have a lot of work to do

A

Ho tanto lavoro da fare

“da” = always use “da” with an infinitive

115
Q

I’m in the kitchen

A

Sono in cucina

“in” = location within the house

116
Q

We go to the pharmacy

A

Andiamo in farmacia

“in” = destination / goes with farmacia

117
Q

I travel by plane

A

Io viaggio in aereo

“in” = method of transporation

118
Q

Today, I study with Laura

A

Oggi io studio con laura

“con” = with / your company

119
Q

She takes it easy

A

Lei fa tutto con calma

“con” = b/c it is the manner she is taking

120
Q

The cat is on a bench

A

Il gatto è su una panca

“su” = the position of being on something

121
Q

Come with me

A

Vieni con me

“con” = accompany me

122
Q

A book about Leonardo da Vinci

A

Un libro su Leonardo da Vinci

“su” = the topic is on/about

123
Q

I pack to go on holiday

A

Preparo le valigie per andare in vacanza

“Per” = the purpose for your packing

124
Q

This is a present for Carla

A

Questo è un rgalo per Carla

“per” = CArla is benefitting from the action / it is for her

125
Q

She goes away for a month

A

Lei parte per un mese

“per” = it is starting in the future for a set time.

126
Q

The cat is between two dogs

A

Il gatto è tra due cani

“tra/fra” =position is between two other objects

127
Q

There’s friendship between us

A

Fra noi c’è amicizia

“tra/fra” = indicating a relationship

128
Q

I’ll be there in 10 minutes

A

Arrivo tra dieci minuti

“tra/fra” = indicating a precise time in the future

129
Q

Giada lives with a friend

A

Giada vive con un’amica

130
Q

She goes to Giorgio’s house

A

Lei va da Giorgio

“da” = always when going to place of work or house

131
Q

Today you come back from Milan

A

Oggi tu torni da Milano

“da” = used with with the origin of the movement

132
Q

Valentina is from Naples

A

Valentina è di Napoli

“di” = Used when expressing origin of a city (with essere verb)

133
Q

I buy a present for Adele

A

Io compro un regalo per Adele

“per” = Adele is benefiting from the action (buying the present)

134
Q

We travel by train

A

Noi viaggiamo in treno

“in” = always with transporation

135
Q

There’s a cat on a wall

A

C’è un gatto su un muro

“Su” = used when something is on/above something else

136
Q

This is Mauro’s book

A

Questo è il libro di Maruo

“di” = use with possession of an item

137
Q

We go to school with you

A

Noi andiamo a scuola con voi

“a” = always “a scuola”
“con” = with

138
Q

There’s a tree between two houses

A

C’è un albergo tra/fra due case

“tra/fra” = the tree is positioned between 2 other things

139
Q

A 100E watch/clock

A

un orologio da centro euro

“da” = used with value of something

140
Q

Marta calls guido

A

Marta telefona a Guido

“a” = Guido is benefiting from the action of calling

141
Q

She’ll be back in a month

A

Lei torna tra/fra un mese

“tra/fra” = indicating a precise moment in the future

142
Q

Franco goes to the bank

A

Franco va in banca

“in” = always “in banca”

143
Q

I go to Giorgia’s to learn to cook

A

Vado da Giorgia per imparare a cucinare

“da” Giorgia = to Giorgia’s house
“per” imparare = reason for going there

144
Q

I go to school by bus, on foot, or in my father’s car

A

Vado a scuola in autobus, a piedi, o con la macchina di mio padre

“in” = b/c transportation

“con” la = expressing the use of the car (?) not sure why - was in the book as using con

Italian From Beginning (62 decks)

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