si2 Flashcards
what are the 3 types of conformity? define them.
internalisation- accept group belief, public private permanant acceptance
identification- admire group behaviour, public change, temporary private change
compliance- change behaviour to fit in, pubic change, no private change
what are the 2 explations of conformity? define them.
Normative social influence- conform to be liked/accepted
Informational social influence- conform bc believe theyre right, so internalise the view
what were the aim, procudure and findings of Asch’s line study (1955)?
aim- see whether people will conform to a group, even when they know they’re wrong
procedure: unambiguous- state which of 3 lines matched a standard line, done on 123 male american students
tested 3 variables affecting conformity: group size, unanimity, task difficulty
findings: 75% conformed, 25% resisted, supports compliance
group size- only 3 confederates decreased compliance
unanimity- wrote answer down, decreased compliance
difficulty- increase difficulty, increased compliance
what are 2 strengthss and 2 limitations of asch’s line study?
lab study- good control of ext vars e.g. same distance from line
unambiguious- only 3 mistakes on 720 control trials
androcentric and ethnocentric- lacks population val
deception- didnt know aim so no informed consent
what were the aims procedures and findings on zimbardos stanford prison study?
aim- investiate how readily people would conform to social roles
procedure- mock prison, psy exam of ps, randomly assigned prisoner or guard, guard told “keep a reasonablee degree of control”
findings- prisoners showed passivity, guards became increasingly abusive, hunger strike, ps became deindividualised
what are 3 limitations of zimbardos stanford prison study?
lacks pop val- US male students
guards were following orders from brief, may be result of obedience not compliancce
ethics-protection from harm (hunger strike)
whatwere the aim, procedure and findings of the milgram obedience experiment?
aim: to see what extent people would obey a percieved authority figure
procedure: told it was about the efffects of ppunishment on learning, had to give shocks when a confed gave wrong answer, prompts given like “he’s fine, carry on.”
changes variables affecting obedience: proximity, location, distance
findings: 100% went to 300V, 65% went to max 450V. Closer proximity inc obedience, at uni not run down office block inc obedience, in lab coat uniform inc obedience
what are the 6 explanations for obedience?
agentic state legitimacy of authority proximity location uniform (dispositional explanation:) authoritarian personality
outline the authoritarian personality as an explanation for obedience.
traits developed from strict parenting
dogmatic
hostile toward lower status, obey higher status
assessed using adorno’s f-scale, higher=more obedient
what are the 2 explanations of resistance to social influence?
social support
internal locus of control
what is a locus of control?
internalLOC=youre in control/responsibile
extranalLOC=at mercy of external factors e.g. luck
what are the 3 factors that could increase chance of minority influence, as investigated by Moscovici?
consistency
commitment
flexibility
what did Moscovici research and find?
2 confeds always said colour=green when it was actually blue
and 32% more ps conformed than when inconsistent
what are 2 features of the social influence process in initiating social change? describe them both.
snowball effect- change gradually gathers momentum, minority becomes majority
social crypto-amnesia- the origional source of the influence is forgotten. Minority gradually becomes majority.
