Sheep And Goat Diseases Flashcards
Enteritoxemia is also called
Overeating disease
Enterotoxemia is caused by
Bacteria Clostridium perfringens type D
Enterotoxemia is most common in
Lambs and kids
Etiology of C. perfringens causing enterotoxemia (how it causes it)
Bacteria normally found in GI tract, #s kept low Bc of competition from other organisms, certain conditions lead to overgrowth and overproduction of toxins
Example of a cause of enterotoxemia (causes overgrowth of C. perfringens in GI tract)
Lambs/ kids eat large amounts of high energy food. Seen in those turned out into new lush fields or overeat grain
Signs of enterotoxemia
Incoordination, depression, progresses to seizures or death
Enterotoxemia treatment
Antibiotics if caught early enough
Enterotoxemia prevention
Keep animals on steady plane of nutrition, avoid overeating of high energy feed, vaccinate (Clostridium d and T vaccine multivalent against enterotoxemia and tetanus)
Clostridium D and T vaccine vaccinates against
Enterotoxemia and tetanus
Pregnancy toxemia is also called
Twin lamb disease
Ketosis in sheep and goats is called
Pregnancy toxemia
When pregnancy toxemia occurs
Last 2-4 wks of pregnancy w multiple lambs
__% of fetal growth is in the last trimester
80
What causes pregnancy toxemia
Ewe not receiving enough energy via feed -> neg energy balance
Signs of pregnancy toxemia
Depressed, lethargic, decreased appetite,
Progresses-> unable to rise, unresponsive, possibly fatal
How to treat pregnancy toxemia
(Same as ketosis in cattle) IV glucose, propylene glycol, may perform C- section to remove lambs
What is Caseous Lymphadenitis
Chronic infectious disease of sheep and goats
What causes Caseous Lymphadenitis
Bacteria: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Enters thro skin opening, travels to lymph nodes
Signs of caseous lymphadenitis
Large lymph nodes that break open and drain
Caseous lymphadenitis treatment
No treatment, resistant to Ab
What happens to a sheep or goat w caseous lymphadenitis
Removed from flock, no treatment
Contagious Ecthyma is also called
Sore mouth or Orf
Contagious Ecthyma is a ___ disease caused by
Viral disease caused by pox virus
Is contagious Ecthyma zoonotic?
Yes, spreads via direct or indirect contact thro break in skin
Signs of contagious Ecthyma
Sores on lips/muzzle, may occur other areas, raised red lesions that scab over (once falls off animal is immune)
Is contagious Ecthyma fatal?
Not usually, mostly in lambs, depends on where scab forms
Treatment for contagious Ecthyma
None, let it run it’s course (then immune)
How to prevent contagious Ecthyma
Inspect/quarantine new animals, vaccinate (only vaccinate in farm w known cases )
How contagious Ecthyma vaccine works
Scrape portion of skin (where we don’t mind scab occurring) spread vaccine on (attenuated virus), causes disease
*only done in farms w known cases
What kind of disease is Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis (CAE)
Infectious viral disease in goats
Encephalitis syndrome (of CAE) is Mostly seen in
Arthritis is seen in
Encephalitis = kids Arthritis = adults
Signs of encephalitis syndrome (CAE)
Acute encephalitis, paresis and ataxia of hind limbs, paralysis, affects brain and spinal cord
Signs of arthritis syndrome (CAE)
Slow progressive, swollen/ painful joints, progresses-> immobile
How to treat caprine arthritis and encephalitis
None
Most common cause of arthritis in dairy goats
CAE
How CAE is spread
WBCs (colostrum, milk, blood)
The same virus that causes CAE causes what in sheep
Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) (chronic resp wasting disease)
