Bovine Metabolic Diseases

Question 1

milk fever is also called

Answer 1

parturient paresis

Question 2

parturient paresis is common in;

rare in;

Answer 2

common; mature dairy cattle

rare; first calf heifers and beef cattle

Question 3

what is parturient paresis (condition of…)

Answer 3

condition of weakness or paralysis before parturition or 72 hours after caused by hypocalcemia

Question 4

causes of hypoglycemia

Answer 4

• improper regulation of blood calcium
• onset of lactation
• decreased absorption from GI tract
• decreased mobilization from bone due to inefficient parathyroid gland (takes Ca from bone to blood)

Question 5

Stage 1 signs of parturient paresis

Answer 5

standing, off feed, depressed, low body temp, muscle tremors, ataxia, behavioral changes

Question 6

stage 2 signs of parturient paresis

Answer 6

sternal recumbency, unable to stand, depressed, tremors, low, temp, weak pulse

Question 7

stage 3 signs of parturient paresis

Answer 7

lateral recumbency, severe signs, nearly comatose, danger of bloat bc cant get up

Question 8

how to treat a cow in stage 2 or 3 parturient paresis

Answer 8

emergency treatment of calcium gluconate solution given slowly (too fast= heart attack)

Question 9

why you should limit Ca supplement during dry period/ late gestation

Answer 9

doesnt need a lot of Ca in dry period, keeps parathyroid active (keeps drawing Ca from bone rather than just shutting down)

Question 10

this supplement helps to mobilize Ca from bone

Answer 10

ammonium salts (anionic salts)

Question 11

When would we give a dam that is predisposed to milk fever calcium

Answer 11

on due date

Question 12

hypomagnesemia is also called

why?

Answer 12

“grass tetany”

new pastures with fresh grass higher in K than Mg

Question 13

signs of hypomagnesemia

Answer 13

unable to rise, muscles rigid (tetany)

Question 14

difference between milk fever and hypomagnesemia signs

Answer 14

muscles rigid in hypomagnesemia (tetany)

soft in milk fever

Question 15

define toxemia

Answer 15

toxins from an infection cause shock-like symptoms

Question 16

how to rule out toxemia v milk fever

Answer 16

good PE (find signs of infection)

Question 17

what calving paralysis looks like

Answer 17

paralysis or paresis of nerves in hind legs caused by dystocia

Question 18

calving paralysis most common in

Answer 18

first calf heifers

Question 19

paralysis v paresis

Answer 19

paralysis= total disuse
paresis= weakness

Question 20

compartment syndrome is also called

Answer 20

down cow syndrome

Question 21

what is compartment syndrome

Answer 21

temp/permanent muscle damage due to inability to rise (have had paralysis like calving paralysis), weight of animal causes pressure damage (can result in permanent paralysis)

Question 22

A prolapsed uterus is also called

Answer 22

cast wethers

Question 23

aspiration pneumonia may occur in what stage of milk fever

Answer 23

stage 3 (lateral recumbency, rumen fluid flows upwards)

Question 24

how long after calving should a placenta be passed

Answer 24

within 24 hours

Question 25

a retained placenta can cause

Answer 25

metritis