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DDS > Semi-Solid (Ointments) > Flashcards

Semi-Solid (Ointments) Flashcards

1
Q

Semisolid preparations intended for external application to the skin or mucous membranes; may be medicated or not

A

Ointment

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2
Q

Uses of Ointments

A

Emollients - make the skin more pliable
Protective Barriers
Vehicles - in which to incorporate medication

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3
Q

Ointment Bases

A

Oleaginous/Hydrocarbon Base
Absorption Base
Water-Removable Base
Water-Soluble Base

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4
Q

Characteristics of Oleaginous Bases / Hydrocarbon Base

A

Water content: Anhydrous
H20 affinity: Hydrophobic
Spreadability: Difficult
Occlusiveness: High

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5
Q

Oleaginous Bases / Hydrocarbon Bases

A

Petrolatum
White Petrolatum
Yellow Ointment
White Ointment

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6
Q

Petrolatum AKA

A

Yellow Petrolatum (Vaseline®)
Petrolatum Jelly

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7
Q

Purified mixture of semisolid hydrocarbon obtained from petrolatum

A

Petrolatum

aka Yellow Petrolatum, Petroleum Jelly

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8
Q

Decolorized petrolatum; aesthetically appealing than petrolatum

A

White Petrolatum

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9
Q

Wax obtained from the honeycomb of Apis mellifera; More viscous than petrolatum

A

Yellow Ointment

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10
Q

Yellow Ointment / Simple Ointment composition

A

95% Petrolatum
5% Yellow Wax

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11
Q

White petrolatum + White wax

A

White Ointmet

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12
Q

Characteristics of Absorption Base

A

Water content: Anhydrous / Hydrous
H20 affinity: HydroPHILIC
Spreadability: Difficult
Occlusiveness: Moderate to High

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13
Q

Two Types of Absorption base

A
  1. Anhydrous base - absorb water to become W/O emulsion
  2. W/O emulsion - absorb additional water
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14
Q

Absorption Base

A

Hydrophilic Petrolatum
Lanolin

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15
Q

Contains white wax, white petrolatum, stearyl alcohol, and cholesterol

A

Hydrophilic petrolatum (Aquaphor, Aquabase)

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16
Q

Obtained from Wool of Sheep (ovis aries)

A

Lanolin

17
Q

Hydrous Lanolin/Hydrous Woolfat

A

25 - 30% moisture

18
Q

Anhydrous Lanolin / Woolfat

A

NMT 0.25% water

19
Q

Reduce the contents of free Lanolin Alcohol, Detergents, and Pesticides

A

Modified Lanolin

20
Q

O/W emulsion referred as Creams

A

Water Removable / Water Washable Base

21
Q

Base that can be diluted with water or aqueous solutions and have the ability to absorb serous discharges

A

Water removable / Water washable

22
Q

Base that can be diluted with water or aqueous solutions and have the ability to absorb serous discharges

A

Water removable / Water washable

23
Q

Water removable / Water Washable

A

Water content: Hydrous
H20 affinity: HydroPHILIC
Spreadability: Easy
Occlusiveness: Low to Moderate

24
Q

Example of Water removable / washable base

A

Hydrophilic Ointment, USP

Readily miscible with water & removed with skin readily
SLS - emulsifer

25
Q

Water Soluble Base /
Greaseless Base

A

Water content: Anhydrous / Hydrous
H20 affinity: HydroPHILIC
Spreadability: Easy
Occlusiveness: Minimal

26
Q

Base used for incorporation of solid materials

A

Water soluble base / Greaseless Base

27
Q

Example of Water soluble base / Greaseless Base

A

Polyethylene Glycol, NF
40% PEG 3350
60% PEG 400

28
Q

Liquids: MW < 600
Wax like solid: MW > 100
Semisolid: MW 600-1000

A
29
Q

Oleaginous Base

A

Petrolatum
White Petrolatum
Yellow Ointment
White Ointment

30
Q

Absorption Base

A

Hydrophilic Petrolatum
Lanolin / Woold fat
Lanolin Alcohols
Beeswax

31
Q

Water removable base

A

Hydrophilic Ointment
Cetrimide emulsifying Ointment
Cetomacrogol Ointment

32
Q

Water Soluble Base

A

PEG, NF

Peg aka Macrogols

33
Q

Methods of Ointment Preparation

A

Incorporation
Fusion

34
Q

Preparation by mixing of all components, until a uniform mixture is achieved

Via Levigation method

A

Incorporation

35
Q

Mixing of components by melting, then **cooled ** with constant stirring until congealed

A

Fusion

DDS (18 decks)

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