Inserts

Question 1

Pharmaceutical Insertz

Answer 1

Suppository
Vaginal Inserts
Implants/Pellets

Question 2

Solid bodies of various weights and shapes, introduced into the rectal, vaginal, or urethral orifices of the human body

Answer 2

Suppository

Question 3

Advantages of Suppository

Answer 3

Useful for patients who are unconscious, vomiting
Avoids first pass metabolism by the liver

Question 4

Disadvantages of Suppository

Answer 4

Unpredictable and variable absorption
Unacceptable to certain patients/cultures

Question 5

Types of Suppositories

Answer 5

• Rectal Suppositories
• Vaginal Suppositories/ Pessaries (Pepe)
• Urethral Suppositories/ Bougies

Question 6

Shape of Rectal Supp

Answer 6

Little finger
Torpedo
Bullet

Question 7

Weight of Recta Supp

Answer 7

Adults: 2g
Pediatrics: 1g

Question 8

Size of Rectal Supp

Answer 8

Adults: 33mm
Pedia: 16mm

Question 9

Shape of Vaginal Supp

Answer 9

Cone Shaoe
Oviform
Globular

Question 10

Shape of Urethral Supp

Answer 10

Pencil-like

Question 11

Weight of Urethral Supp

Answer 11

Male: 4g
Female: 2g

Question 12

Size of Urethral Supp

Answer 12

Male: 140mm
Female: 70mm

Question 13

Ideal Suppository Base

Answer 13

The base is:
Non-toxic and non-irritating to mucous mebrane
Compatible with drugs
Stable on storage
Melt or dissolve in rectal fluids

Question 14

Suppository Bases

Answer 14

1. Oleaginous or Fatty Base
2. Water-soluble or water miscible Base
3. Miscellaneous Base

Question 15

Examples of Fatty or Oleaginous Base

Answer 15

Cocoa butter
Wecobee Base
Witepsol Base
Glyceryl monopalmitate

Question 16

Most widely used for Rectal suppository

Answer 16

Cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao)

Question 17

TF: Cocoa Butter exhibits polymorphism

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Decrease melting point of cocoa butter when incorporated

Answer 18

Phenol & Chloral Hydrate

Question 19

Triglycerides obtained from Coconut Oil

Answer 19

Wecobee base

Question 20

Triglycerides of saturated fatty acis C12-C18

Answer 20

Witepsol

Question 21

Main component of Witepsol

Answer 21

Lauric Acid

Question 22

Water-Soluble & Water Miscible Base

Answer 22

Glycerinated Gelatin
Polyethylene Glycol

Question 23

Most frquently used in pessaries

Answer 23

Glycerinated Gelatin

Question 24

Glycerinated Gelatin must be moistened before application because of its ________ and ________ effect because of ________ nature of glycerin

Answer 24

Glycerinated Gelation must be moistened before application because of its dehydrating and irritating effect because of hygroscopic nature of glycerin

Question 25

Base that do not melt at body temp but rather dissolve slowly in the body’s fluids

Answer 25

Polyethylene glycol

Question 26

mixtures of oleaginous & water-soluble or water-miscible materials

Answer 26

Miscellaneous Bases

Question 27

Mixture of monostearate and distearate esters of mixed polyoxyethylene

Answer 27

Polyoxyl 40 stearate

* Water soluble
* 39-45C MP
* White to light tan waxy solide

Question 28

Preparation of Suppositories

Answer 28

Compression Molding
Hand rolling and shaping
Pour / Melt Molding

Question 29

Simplest & oldest method for preparing suppositories

Answer 29

Hand Molding/Rolling/Shapin (No heat application)

Question 30

Most commonly used for producing suppositories on both small or large scale operation

Answer 30

Fusion or Melt Molding (Pour Molding)

Question 31

cold-grated mass is formed into a mold under pressure, using a wheel-operated press by forcing the mized mass of the base

Answer 31

Cold Compression

Question 32

Uncoated, bullet-shaped, or ovoid (egg-formed) inserter into the vagina for local effects and systemic

Contains Antimicrobial Agents

Answer 32

Vaginal Inserts/Tablets

Question 33

Small, sterile cylinders or devices inserted under the skin for prolonged and continuous absorption

Answer 33

Implants

Question 34

Example of Implants

Answer 34

Norplant ® - levonorgestel (5 years)
Leuprolide acetate – tx prostate cancer (1 year)