SEDIMENTARY PETROLOGY (DETRITAL SEDS AND TEXTURES)

Question 1

BOUNDARIES OF UDDENWENWORTH

Answer 1

265-2-0.0625-0.004

Question 2

Earths surface covered by sediments and sed rocks

Answer 2

85%

Question 3

Size shape, arrangement of sediments both its solid particles and void spaces between them

Answer 3

Texture

Question 4

Uses of texture

Answer 4

1) Ability of sed rocks to store and transmit fluids
2) Susceptibility to Mass Wasting
3) Diagensis of Detrital seds

Question 5

Wentworth udden scale is

Answer 5

Negative Base 2 Logarithmic Scale (-log2)

Question 6

What did krumbein do to faciltate mathematical and statistical analysis of detrital sediments

Answer 6

Logarithmic Phi Scale equivalents

Question 7

Phi fomula

Answer 7

Phi = -log2d

Question 8

Coarse Fraction or grains

Answer 8

G and S

Question 9

Fine Fraction or Matrix

Answer 9

M

Question 10

In Folk classification of Detrital Sediments, these sediment or rcks contain 30% Gravel in their fraction

Answer 10

Gravel and Gravelstone

Question 11

If gravel is more than 80%

Answer 11

Clast-suported Texture

Question 12

Grvel that contains less than 80% of Gravel must have modifier of Sand- or mud-supported depending on sand:mud ratio

Answer 12

Matrix supported

Question 13

Less than 30% Gravel and >1:1 Sand MudRatio

Answer 13

gS, gmS, (g)mS, (g)S, mS and S

Question 14

Grave 5-30% >9:1 S:M

Answer 14

Gravelly Sandstone gS

Question 15

Gravel 5-30% <9:1 S:M

Answer 15

Gravelly Muddy Sandstones gmS

Question 16

Gravel <5%, >9:1 S:M

Answer 16

Pure Sandstone or Arenite (S)

Question 17

Gravel <5% <9:1 S:M

Answer 17

Muddy Sandstone or Wackes (mS)

Question 18

If either has traces of Gravel

Answer 18

Slighly Gravely Sandstone (g)S
Slightly gravelly Muddy Sandstone (g)mS

Question 19

Gravel 5-30% <1:1 S:M

Answer 19

Gravelly Mud or Gravelly Mudrock gM

Question 20

Gravel <5%, <1:9 SM

Answer 20

Pure Mud or Mudstone

Question 21

Gravel <5%, >1:9 SM

Answer 21

Sandy Mud or Sandy Mudstone

Question 22

Deviations of Folks SCZ

Answer 22

10-50-90 1:2 2:1

Question 23

A graph which the wt% in each Phi Size class is plitted in the form of a vertical bar graph (Phi Size vs wt%)

Answer 23

Histogram

Question 24

The best-fit line plotted in the histogram for the same data (Phi Size vs wt%)

Answer 24

Frequency Curve

Question 25

the cumulative weight percent of all size fractions coarser than and including the phi size fraction under consideration are plotted against the Phi size classes (Phi Size vs Cum Wt%)

Answer 25

Cumulative Frequency Curve

Question 26

The most abundant particle size and is dertemined by histogram or frequency curve and is usually expressed in terms of the midpoint of the size class in which the largest wt% occurs (May pinakamaraming population)

Answer 26

Mode (ModeL - Popular)

Question 27

when there are two size classes that are more abundant than those adjcent to them and thus have two modes

Answer 27

Bimodal Size Distribution

Question 28

More abundant mode in a bimodal size disrtibution

Answer 28

Primary Mode

Question 29

The particle size such that half the population is larger and half the population is smaller (GITNANG VALUE)

Answer 29

Median (Media=Center of attraction)

Question 30

What corresponds to the Median?

Answer 30

Phi 50% in the Cumulative Frequency curve ung Phi size na intersecting with the pt in which 50%wt intersects or the abscissa of 50% wt

Question 31

The average particle Size

Answer 31

Mean

Question 32

Graphic Geometric Mean (GM)

Answer 32

(Phi16+Phi50+Phi84)/3 (values from CFC)

Question 33

Similarity of particle size and increases when range or particle size increases

Answer 33

Sorting

Question 34

What transportation media promote Sorting

Answer 34

Wind and Water

Question 35

What transporation media forms very poorly sorte ddeposit

Answer 35

Glacial Ice and Mass Flows or Gravity

Question 36

A steep cumulative cruve represet what type of sorting?

Answer 36

Well Sorted or Few size classes

Question 37

Comptons Sorting Coefficient Formula

Answer 37

So=|Phi10%-Phi90%|

Question 38

Inclusive Graphic Standard Deviation by Folk

Answer 38

So=[(phi84-Phi16)/4 + (Phi95-Phi5)/6.6]

Question 39

Compton's Sorting Coefficient deviation (5 description)

Answer 39

1-3-5-7

Question 40

Folks Sorting Coefficient deviaton (6 w/Moderately Well Sorted)

Answer 40

0.35-0.50-0.71-1-2

Question 41

Between wind and water, which is a better sorting agent?

Answer 41

Wind

Question 42

Divisios in a zingg diagram for grain shape

Answer 42

0.67 x and y

Question 43

Clockwise

Answer 43

Sphere Prolate Bladed Oblate

Question 44

Cylindrical or cigar shaped

Answer 44

Prolate (Kakain ng Apple)

Question 45

Flattened cylinder or disklike shape

Answer 45

Oblate (Kakain ng Caimito)

Question 46

Kinfe blade with one long, one intermeiate and one short axis

Answer 46

Bladed

Question 47

Grains with long axis (a) is parallel to the flow of the current that deposited them

Answer 47

Prolate and Bladed

Question 48

Grains which can show imbricaton

Answer 48

Large bladed and Oblate clasts

Question 49

grains inclined in one directions usually in the up-current direction

Answer 49

Imbrication

Question 50

Differentiate Sphericity from Roundness

Answer 50

Sphericity is the measure of the degree to which a particle approaches of a perfect shape that is being equat and spherical while Roundess is the degree of smoothing or curvature of grain edges

Question 51

Formula for porosity

Answer 51

Ps=%Pore Space = (Vol of Pores/Total Rock Vol)X 100

Question 52

Relationship of Porosity, Sorting ad Grain Roundess

Answer 52

Increases or Directly proportional

Question 53

why is minera cementation patterns of prime important in the subsurface during petroleum and hydrological Explo

Answer 53

Because Mineral Cementation reduces porosity and thus reduced rock's ability to store fluids

Question 54

What is permeability?

Answer 54

The rate of fluid flow through a rock

Question 55

Darcy's Law

Answer 55

Q= A(Hc * delta H/l)

Question 56

delta H/ L

Answer 56

Hydraulic Gradient

Question 57

Hydarulic Conductivty formula

Answer 57

Density, effective permeability, gravity / viscocity

Question 58

Levels for Assessing Textural Maturity

Answer 58

1. Mud Matrix Percent (>5% or <5%) 2. Sorting (well or poorly sorted) 3. Roundness (Angular or Rounded)

Question 59

>5% mud sandstone maturity

Answer 59

Texturally immature

Question 60

Why do water and wind laid deposits rarely immature?

Answer 60

Because wind and water keeps mud particles in suspension

Question 61

<5% but poorly sorted

Answer 61

texturally submature

Question 62

Implication of a texturally submature deposit?

Answer 62

rapidly decelerating or fluctuating flows that can deposit a range of sizes in a short time like River Systems (Braided and Levees), Storm deposits and turbidity Currents

Question 63

<5% mud and well sorted

Answer 63

Deposited by wind and water and is well washed during slow accumulatio in beaches, sallow bars, and some strong channels

Question 64

Rounded, <5% and well sorted

Answer 64

texturally Supermature

Question 65

Angular <5% and well sorted

Answer 65

Texturally Mature

Question 66

Refers to grain orientation and packing

Answer 66

Grain Fabric

Question 67

In water laid sediments, grains may be oriented parallel or normal to the current direction

Answer 67

Prolate

Question 68

IN water laid sediments, grain may show imbricated orienattion and overlap each other dipping upstream diection

Answer 68

Oblate

Question 69

Packing of spheres which produces 48% porosity

Answer 69

Cubic Packing

Question 70

packing with 26% porosity

Answer 70

Rhombohedral

Question 71

SKEWNESS

Answer 71

Measures the symmetry of distribution uses smoothed frequency curve

Question 72

Kurtosis

Answer 72

Peakedness of A frequency Curve