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GLE 2024 (Day 2) > METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY (ZONE, FACIES, SERIES) > Flashcards

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY (ZONE, FACIES, SERIES) Flashcards

1
Q

Temperature of metamorphism

A

150-600

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2
Q

Subdvisions of Metamorphism temperature

A

L: 150-400
M:400-600
H:>600

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3
Q

Subdivisions of Metamorphic Pressyre

A

L: 0-2 Kbar = 0-6 km
M: 2-6 Kbar = 6-20 km
H: >6kbar = >20km

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4
Q

3.3 Kbar is equivelent to what depth?

A

approx. 10km

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5
Q

Max depth of metamorphism

A

40-50 Km

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6
Q

Minerals that form within a more limited temperature and/or pressure range which effectively indicate the temp/pressure conditions of metamorphism occuring in such environment

A

Index Minerals

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7
Q

Index minerals of Barrow and Tilley

A

Chlorite
Biotite
Almandine
Staurolite
Kyanite
Sillimanite

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8
Q

Lines drawn on geologic maps that mark the FIRST APPREANCE of a particular index mineral

A

Isograds

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9
Q

Regions bounded by two isograds of an index mineral

A

Metamorphic Zone

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10
Q

This is the six metamorphic zones based on the six index mineral isograds which is a key to interpret progressive metamorphism in an evolving orgenic belt

A

Barrovian Zones

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11
Q

Who first characterized Metamorphic zones

A

George Barrow and
C.E Tilley
Harker
Scotland

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12
Q

Biotite forms from what minerals

A

Chlo
Musc
Qtz
Ruti
Magn

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13
Q

In Almandine Zone, garnet usually occurs as?

A

Porphyroblasts

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14
Q

Minerals which transform to almandine

A

Chlo and Magnetite

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15
Q

Lower Temp minerals in Barrovian Zones

A

Chlorite, Biotite, Almandine

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16
Q

High Temp minerals in Barrovian Zones

A

Staurolite, Kyanite, Sillimanite

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17
Q

Kfelds form from the breadkdown of what mienral?

A

Muscovite

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18
Q

Stauroilite forms from what minerals?

A

Almandine, Chlorite and Muscovite

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19
Q

staurolite exists only in?

A

Staurolite Zone

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20
Q

High Pressure aluminosilicate?

A

Kyanite (Al2SiO5 or Al AlO SiO4)

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21
Q

Low Pressure aluminosilicate

A

Andalusite

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22
Q

dehydration of these minerals form Kyanite

A

Staurolite and Pyrophyllite

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23
Q

Marks the highest temperature zone defined by Barrow and Tilley

A

Sillimanite Zone

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24
Q

High Temp Alumino silicate?

A

Sillimanite

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25
Q

Sillimanite can form from dehydration of this mineral in the presence of Quartz

A

Muscovite

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26
Q

Barrovian Zones are based on the observation of what kind of met rocs

A

Pelitic

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27
Q

Whats the limitations of Barrovian Zones

A

Cannot be used in non-peilitic
not compatible for subduction settings
non compatible for contact Met Envi

28
Q

Distinctive mineral Assemblages in met rocks that form in response to a particular range of temperature and/or pressure conditions and does not imply genetic origin but assemblages closely constrains the temp and/or pressure condtitions

A

Metamorphic Facies

29
Q

Who first describe metamorphic facies?

A

Pentii Eskola, Finland

30
Q

Give the Metamorphic Facies in Increasing TandP

A

Alb-Epi Horn
Hbl Horn
Pyx Horn
Sanidinite Horn
Zeol
Prehnite-Pumpelly
Greensch
Ampihbo
Granu
Blue Sch
Eclogite

31
Q

The Hornfels facies are subdivided into how many subfacies?

A

four
Albite-Epid
Hbl, Pyx, sanidinite

32
Q

Type of met that produces hornfels

A

Heat induced in areas with igneous intrusions

Contact Met or Hydrothermal Met

33
Q

Environment where hornfels usually form

A

Ocean Spreading Centers which represent hydrothermal met

34
Q

What defines a particular hornfels facies?

A

Non-foliated Texture and
Index Mineral Assemblage

35
Q

In Hornblende Facies, at 450deg cel. Dolomite is replaced by this mineral

A

Diopside

36
Q

Hornfels facies record what

A

Temp driven minreal changes driven by igneous intrusions into country rock
or hydrothermal metamorphism related to shallow magmatc activity

37
Q

at which depth does Contact Metmorphism predominates

A

upper 10 km

38
Q

In what TandP range does Zeolite and Prehnite-Pumpellyite form

A

Low to Mod Tand P

39
Q

What type of Metamorphism is responsible to zeolite and prehnite-pumpellyite

A

Burial Met in Sed Basins as well as at Hydro Met at Ocean Ridges, Hotspots and Volcanic Arcs

40
Q

Low temp low press met series

A

Zeolite Facies

41
Q

Hydrous Na and Ca Al tectosilicates forme by diagenetic and low temp metamorphic rections

A

Zeolites

42
Q

Possible origins of Zeolite Facies Minerals

A

1)Hydro. Alt of Volcanic Protolith
2) Devitrification of Basalat Glass and Tuff
3) Reaction of Pelite and Graywacked with Saline Water

43
Q

Where do Zeolite minerals usually occur or mode of occurrence

A

Isolated Vesicles and Veins
Disseminated within met rocls

44
Q

series of alteration of Zeolite minerals in increasing T and P

A

Stilbite - Heulandite - Laumontite - Wairakite

45
Q

at what temp do zeolite minerals alter to prehnite pump

A

250deg cel 3-5km

46
Q

High temp alteration of Prehnite-Pumpellyite results in the neocrystallization of these minerals which also marks the boundary towards Albite-Epidote Hornfels Series and greenschist facies

A

Actinolite and Epidote

47
Q

High T and High P met facies are produced by

A

Dynamothermal under non-uniform stres

48
Q

Environment of formation of HiT-P met facies

A

Convergent plate

49
Q

Barrovian Zones that corresponds to Greenschist Facies with Pelitic Protolith

A

Chlotie Zone - Lower Gschist Facies
Biotite Zone - Upper facies
L.Almandine Zone - Uppermost

50
Q

What marks the transition from Greenschist to Amphibolite facies

A

Inc: Hbl-Gnt-Antrhopyllite
Dec: Acti-Chlo-Biotite-Talc

51
Q

In what facies do staurolite appear in Pelitic rocs

A

Amphibolite

52
Q

Hypersthene Bearing Granitic Gneiss

A

Charnockite

53
Q

What separates Granulite I to granulite II

A

Presence of Hornblende and Biotite

54
Q

Pyroxenes which only appears in Granulite Facies

A

Hypersthene and Diopside

55
Q

Unusually high pressure/temperature rations reflecting existense of unsually low geothermal gradients

A

Blueschist Facies

56
Q

Line of equal temperature

A

Isotherm

57
Q

at which temp and pressurre does the Blueschist-greenschist transition facies occue

A

T: 350-450
P: 8Kbar

58
Q

Minerals occur in Eclogite Facies at pressure >25 Kbar >80Km and Temp >600 deg cel

A

Ultra High Pressure Mineral

59
Q

A high pressure polymorph of Silica

A

Coesite

60
Q

High pressure polymorph of Carbon

A

Diamond

61
Q

High Presure Garnet

A

Majorite

62
Q

Crater at which coesite was first discovered

A

Meteor (Barringer)Crater

63
Q

A sequence of facies that occurs across met terrane due to difference in PT conditions it provide key information concerning P-T-t conditions as well as Tectonic settings in which metamorphism occured

A

Metamorphic Facies Series

64
Q

Three Major Group of Facies Series

A

Group

65
Q

What kinds of rocks may be produced by low presure contact metamorphism

A

Hornfelsic and granoblastic

66
Q

First Geologists who first mapped isograd zones in Scottish Highlands

A

George Barrow

GLE 2024 (Day 2) (41 decks)

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