Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

Question 1

Major INHIBITORY neurotransmitter

Answer 1

GABA

Question 2

induces sleeps

Answer 2

alpha 1

Question 3

anxiolytics

Answer 3

alpha 2

alpha 3

Question 4

SHORT ACTING BENZODIAZEPINES

Answer 4

COMTEB

Clozapine
Oxazepam
Midazolam
Triazolam
Etizolam
Brotizolam

Question 5

Causes ANTEGRADE AMNESIA

For PREOP SEDATION

Answer 5

Midazolam

Question 6

INTERMEDIATE ACTING BENZODIAZEPINES

Answer 6

LATE CLN

Lorazepam (ATIVAN) - extrahepatic metabolism
Alprazolam (XANAX) - for panic attack
Temazepam
Estazolam

Clonazepam - for panic attack
Lormetazepam
Nitrazepam

Question 7

LONG ACTING BENZODIAZEPINES

Answer 7

CCDOFFQ (Charlie Chaplin Died oF Q Fever)

Chlorazepate
Chlordiazepoxide - longest half life
Diazepam (VALIUM)
Flurazepam
Flunitrazepam - date rape drugs
Quazepam

Question 8

MOST effective drug for stopping STATUS EPILEPTICUS

Answer 8

Diazepam

Question 9

Abnormal sleep pattern results from the use of benzodiazepines

Answer 9

DECREASED REM SLEEP

Question 10

Antidote for Benzodiazepines Overdose

Answer 10

FLUMAZENIL - antagonist at B2 receptors

competitive antagonist at benzodiazepine sites on GABAa receptor

Question 11

ULTRASHORT ACTING BARBITURATES

for ANESTHESIA

Answer 11

THIOPENTAL
THIAMYLAL
METHOHEXITAL

Question 12

SHORT ACTING BARBITURATES

Answer 12

SECOBARBITAL
HEXOBARBITAL
PENTOBARBITAL

Question 13

INTERMEDIATE ACTING BARBITURATES

Answer 13

BAV

BUTABARBITAL
AMOBARBITAL
VINBARBITAL

Question 14

FAST ACTING BARBITURATES

Answer 14

MEPHOBARBITAL
PHENOBARBITAL
PRIMIDONE

Question 15

Antidote for Barbiturates Overdose

Answer 15

NaHCO3

Question 16

Increase porphyrin synthesis by induction of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALA synthase)

Answer 16

PHENOBARBITAL

can precipitate symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria

Question 17

The MOST CATASTROPHIC SYMPTOM of sedative-hypnotic withdrawal

Answer 17

REBOUND SUICIDE

Question 18

Interact with GABAa receptors with ALPHA 1 SUBUNIT

Structurally related to Benzodiazepines

NOT used in seizures or muscle spasticity

Answer 18

SLEEP INDUCERS (for INSOMNIA)

ZOLPIDEM
ZALEPLON
ESZOPICLONE

Question 19

MOA of BUSPIRONE

for generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 19

partial agonist at 5HT1a and D2 agonist

a2, a3

PURE ANXIOLYTICS

NOT for ACUTE anxiety - slow onset of action ~ 1 week

Question 20

MOA of RAMELTEON

Answer 20

Anxiolytic Drug; Melatonin Receptor Agonist

Activates melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2 receptors) in the suprachiasmatic nuclei in the CNS – DECREASED LATENCY OF SLEEP ONSET

for INSOMNIA

Question 21

MOA of HYDROXYZINE

Answer 21

1st generation of antihistamine that acts as an alternative to Benzodiazepines as an anxiolytic