schizophrenia clinical Flashcards
what was the original name for schizophrenia
dementia praecox
what does term schizophrenia refer to
splitting different psychological functions within a single personality
what were the main symptoms of dementia praecox
reduced congitive function
blunting of affect
apathy and impaired goal orientated behaviour
what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia (4)
impaired coherence of thought content /flight of ideas
blunting affect and interference
autism
what are some of the positive symtpoms of schizophrenia
delusion
acoustic hallucinations
influence of will
what are 5 symptoms from DSM5
delusions hallucinations disorganised speech disorganised behaviour negative symptoms
what are 4 delusion types
grandeur- being a famous person
persecution- others against them
reference- radio or television is speaking to them
control- thoughts controlled by external forces
what do hallucinations affect
visual
auditory
olfactory
somatosensory domain
what is a hallucination
perception in the absence of external stimulation or sensory input that has the properties of a real perception
what are four negative symptoms
affective flattening
anhedonia
avolition
asociality
what is affective flattening
limited range and intesity of emotional expression
what is anhedonia
inability to react to enjoyable or pleasurable events
what is avolition
inability to carry out normal day to day goal orientated activities
what is asociality
withdrawal into an inner world
what are the three difference disease onsets
acute onset
sub acute onset
slow or chronic onset
describe acute onset
prodromal stage shorter than 3 months
starts directly with positive symptoms
describe sub acute onset
early stage between 1 month and a year
describe slow or chronic onsey
slow progression
how are twin studies used to show schizophrenia
high risk adoption stats= lead to dopamine hypothesis
what is the dopamine hypothesis
amphetamine is dopamine agonist that elevates dopamine by inhibiting reuptake
what does amphetamine do
produces positive symptoms and worstens symptoms in schizophrenics
what are three psychological theories
double bind
expressed emotions
camberwell family interview
describe double bind theory
paradoxically u cannot do what sign asks and implies simultaneously
describe expressed emotions theory
anecdotal observation;
social group after ischarge from hospital had influence on relapse rate
what is a critique of camberwell family interview
expression of contempt and anger towards the patient verbally and non verbally
what is milieu therapy
used to counter social breakdown
what is token economy
based on operant conditioning
what are antipsychotics
class of psychiatric medication used to treat schizophrenia
what do antipsychotics and atypical antipsychotics do
block receptors in brains dopamine pathways but atypical also act on serotonin receptors
what is a long term side effect of antipsychotics
tardive dyskinesia
why is social skills training required
negative symptoms impair social interactions with others and prevent learning of vital social skills
what are three examples of social skills in training
role playing
modelling
eye contact
why is family therapy a priority
expressed emotion research highlights importance of appropriate and functional social interaction within the family
stressful family interaction increases relapse rate
