Schizophrenia Flashcards
client with schizophrenia may need what type of training
social skills
social skills training falls under what level of prevention
tertiary
may need to refer client for what kind of program
exercise program to improve cognition/brain function, quality of life, overall long term health
Age of onset for males and females
males 18-25 yo
females 25-35 yo
when do symptoms normally appear for schizophrenia
mid to late 20s but an be up to mid 30s
Hallmark of schizophrenia
impaired proverb interpretation (abstraction)
have difficulty interpreting a problem
what intrauterine insults can contribute to the etiological picture of schizophrenia (4)
prenatal exposure to toxins, viral agents
oxygen deprivation
maternal malnutrition, substance use
Schizophrenia is associated with what disorders (3)
lipid, HDL and increased triglycerides
patients with schizophrenia have a low tolerability to __________
alpha 2 adrenergic agonists like Guanfacine and clonidine
neuro protective effects of these medications can be limited
Should you give a client with schizophrenia stimulants
no due to risk of exacerbating the symptoms of d/o such as psychosis
and stimulants potentiate dopamine in the brain
positive symptoms are caused by and what do stimulants do to them
excess dopamine
stimulants increase dopamine creating more positive symptoms
neurobiological defects associated with schizophrenia (6)
Enlarged ventricles *** (everything else is smaller)
cerebral cortex atrophy
smaller frontal and temporal lobes
reduced symmetry in temporal, frontal, and occipital lobes
decreased cerebral blood flow
hippocampus and amygdala reduction
aggression, impulsivity, and abstract thinking problems in schizophrenia are caused by what abnormalities in the brain?
prefrontal cortex
amygdala
basal ganglia
hippocampus
limbic regions
how to switch a patient who is not compliant with their oral Haldol to IM Haldol
Monthly first month: 10-15 x daily oral dose for stabilized client on low daily oral dose (up to 10mg/day)
for high dose and risk of relapse***
20x daily oral dose
exp: 5mg/BID
is 20 x 10mg =200mg
max of 100mg in one administration and in 5-7 days or 14 days later administer remaining (100mg) (due to Haldol having risk of adverse effects)
non pharmacological managment
group therapy**
Assertive community treatment
Assertive community treatment (ACT)
services are not provided during hospitalization, but done in a community setting for people experiencing severe mental illness
Schizoaffective disorder
symptoms of psychosis and also mood symptoms
Schizophreniform is different from schizophrenia because
symptoms must persist for at least one month but LESS than 6 months
difference between schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder with psychotic features
schizoaffective d/o has psychotic symptoms persist even when mood symptoms are not present, lasting for at least 2 weeks without major mood episodes
Bipolar with psychotic features occur during mood episodes and may resolve once mood episode subsides
hypnagogic hallucinations (3)
occurs when falling asleep
during the transition from wakefulness to sleep
(hear someone calling names or seeing patterns as someone is about to go to sleep)
hypnopompic hallucinations
occur as one is waking up during the transition from sleep to full wakefulness
If a patient is delusional what do you not do?
You do not try to challenge their delusion or bring them to reality, you also must take all delusions seriously (threats)
Delusion
false belief firmly maintained despite evidence to the contrary
