ADHD

Question 1

DSM-5 criteria for ADHD for adults

Answer 1

> 5 symptoms in each category for 6 months or longer noticeable in 2 settings with impact on social, academic, occupational functioning

Question 2

DSM-5 criteria for ADHD for children

Answer 2

6 or more symptoms in each category, age of onset is before 12, noticeable in 2 settings with impact on social, academic, and occupational functioning

Question 3

Inattention symptoms criteria DSM-5 ADHD (9)

Answer 3

lack of attention to details/careless mistakes
difficulty sustaining attention
does not seem to listen
does not follow through on instructions
difficulty organizing tasks and activities
avoids sustained mental effort
loses and misplaces objects
easily distracted
forgetful in daily activities

Question 4

DSM-5 criteria for ADHD hyperactivity and impulsivity (9)

Answer 4

fidgetiness squirms in seat
leaves seat frequently
running about feeling restless
excessively loud or noisy
always on the go
talks excessively
blurts out answers
difficulty waiting his or her turn
tends to act without thinking

Question 5

ADHD is usually a persistent pattern of

Answer 5

inattention OR hyperactivity, impulsivity or both

Question 6

abnormalities in the fronto-subcortical pathways of ADHD

Answer 6

frontal cortex- abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex such as reduced volume or connectivity

Question 7

what is one of the primary neural factors contributing to the development of ADHD

Answer 7

dysfunctional prefrontal cortex

Question 8

Basal ganglia is affected during ADHD and it oversees what functions

Answer 8

motor control, motor learning, executive functions behaviors and emotions

Question 9

abnormalities of the reticular activating system affect what?

Answer 9

ability to focus, fight or flight response, regulating arousal and sleep-wake transitions

Question 10

when dopamine levels are lower or dysregulated it can affect the brain’s ability to properly. modulate (3) p336

Answer 10

attention, focus, self control

Question 11

Low levels of norepinephrine can lead to difficulties with (3)

Answer 11

attention, focus, impulse control

Question 12

Low serotonin levels have been associated with (3)

Answer 12

impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and difficulties with sustained attention

Question 13

DNS mnemonic

Answer 13

Dopamine low
NE low
Serotonin low

Question 14

Pharmacology management for ADHD 338

Answer 14

stimulants

Question 15

things to consider before implementing pharmacological interventions for ADHD

Answer 15

cardiac hx before placing a patient on stimulants due to increasing HR BP and increased risk of stroke and heart attack/stroke

Question 16

What medication is approved for children ages 3 years and older

Answer 16

amphetamines

Question 17

What medications are approved for children 6 years and older

Answer 17

methylphenidate

Question 18

Non stimulant choices alpha agonist or alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonists (2)

Answer 18

Guanfacine and clonidine is FDA approved 6-17 years old with ADHD

Question 19

SNRI for ADHD

Answer 19

Strattera (atomoxetine) is approved for children 6 and up with ADHD

Question 20

S/s of stimulant abuse (9)

Answer 20

insomnia
tremors
increased HR BP
agitation
anxiety
irritability
mood swings
elevated moodN

Question 21

Non-pharmacological management of ADHD

Answer 21

behavioral therapy
CBT with parents
psychoeducation
tx learning disorders

Question 22

Follow up for monitoring chemical progress over time: (3)

Answer 22

ARS adult self report scale
conners parent and teacher rating scales
vanderbilt adhd diagnostic parent teaching rating scales

Question 23

abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex can cause what type of ADHD?

Answer 23

inattentive type

Question 24

wellbutrin can be used for ADHD but it is

Answer 24

off label

Question 25

if you have patient that has depression and ADHD what medication can treat both

Answer 25

Wellbutrin

Question 26

If ADHD medication is wearing off too soon for client what do you do?

Answer 26

change to XR or increase the dosing frequency

Question 27

if parent is becoming anxious with diagnosis for child you should

Answer 27

briefly stop teaching and decrease anxiety without providing false reassurance

Question 28

Insomnia and stimulant education

Answer 28

last dose should be taken before 6pm

Question 29

when should clients take ADHD medications

Answer 29

30-45 min before food due to potentially decreasing potency

Question 30

executive function
cognitive processes such as planning, working memory
problem-solving, how to direct and maintain attention to a task
are all problems that occur from what cotex?

Answer 30

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 31

involved in learning
reward
punishment processing
assigning value and response inhibition
are all controlled by what cotex

Answer 31

orbitofrontal

Question 32

signs of stimulant abuse (7)

Answer 32

insomnia*
tremors*
Increase BP and HR*
Heart palpitations
agitation
anxiety
irritability and mood swings