Scapula and clavicle

Question 1

Lateral bony landmarks of scapula

Answer 1

Glenoid fossa (articulates with head of humerus)
Supraglenoid fossa (long head biceps brachii origin)]
Infraglenoid fossa (long head triceps brachii origin)

Question 2

Posterior bony landmarks scapula

Answer 2

Spine
Acromion
Infraspinous fossa
Supraspinous fossa

Question 3

Scapula articulations

Answer 3

Glenohumeral joint
Acromioclavicular joint

Scapulothoracic joint (slides over)

Question 4

Fractures of scapula

Answer 4

uncommon
require severe chest trauma
No fixation needed as muscles hold fragments in place while healing

Question 5

Clavicle functions (3)

Answer 5

Attaches upper limb to trunk (part of shoulder girdle)
Protects underlying neurovascular structures
Transmits force from upper limb to axial skeleton

Question 6

Shape clavicle

Answer 6

Medial: convex anteriorly (curves upwards)
lateral: concave anteriorly

Question 7

Medial and lateral ends of clavicle known as

Answer 7

Medial: sternal end (articulates with manubrium of sternum)
Lateral: acromial

Question 8

Inferior surface of sternal end

Answer 8

Rough oval depression for costoclavicular ligament (sternoclavicular joint ligament)

Question 9

Features of acromial end of clavicle

Answer 9

Conoid tubercle (conoid ligament)
Trapezoid line (trapezoid ligament)

(together known as coracoclavicular ligaments)

Question 10

Acromioclavicular joint type and feature

Answer 10

Plane type synovial

Can be palpated during shoulder examination (2-3cm from tip of shoulder)

Question 11

Acromioclavicular joint atypical features

Answer 11

Articular surfaces lined with fibrocartilage (NOT hyaline)

Joint cavity has articular disc (wedge of fibrocartilage)

Question 12

Joint capsule acromioclavicular joint

Answer 12

Posterior reinforced by trapezius muscle

Synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid

Question 13

Ligaments acromioclavicular joint

Answer 13

Intrinsic: Acromioclavicular ligament
Extrinsic: Conoid and trapezoid ligaments (coracoclavicular)

Question 14

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 14

Saddle type synovial (but lined with fibrocartilage)
Very strong yet mobile
Only attachment of upper limb to axial skeleton

Question 15

Movements of shoulder which require movements at sternoclavicular joint

Answer 15

elevation of shoulder joint (shrugging shoulders)
Depression of shoulders
Protraction (move shoulder anteriorly)
Retraction (move shoulder posteriorly)
Rotation