Proximal humerus

Question 1

Proximal humerus consists of

Answer 1

Head
anatomical neck
surgical neck
greater and lesser tubercles
intertubercular sulcus

Question 2

Greater tubercle function

Answer 2

Insertion point for 3 rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor)

Question 3

Lesser tubercle function

Answer 3

Insertion site for subscapularis (last rotator cuff)

Question 4

Intertubercular groove

Answer 4

Long head of biceps brachii runs along groove

Question 5

Intertubercular sulcus lips muscles

Answer 5

Lateral lip: pectoralis major
Inner: Latissimus dorsi
Medial lip: teres major

(‘A lady between two majors)

Question 6

Anatomical neck

Answer 6

Articular capsule attaches here

Question 7

Surgical neck clinical problems

Answer 7

Damage to axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

(paralysis deltoid and teres minor, problems abducting and loss of sensation in this region)

Question 8

Lateral humerus key point

Answer 8

Deltoid tuberosity - deltoid attaches

Question 9

Posterior groove

Answer 9

Radial (spiral) groove

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery lie here

Question 10

Muscles along humerus shaft

Answer 10

Anterior: coracobrachialis, deltoid, = insertion
Brachilais =origin

Posterior: medial and lateral head of triceps = origin