[S1] LEC: Intro & Historical Perspectives Flashcards
Scientific study of serum and other body fluids
Serology
In 430 BC, ___ recorded that individuals who had previously contracted plague recovered
Thucydides
He recognized the “immune” status of individuals who previously contracted the plague in 430 BC
Thucydides
In 1000 AD, Chinese performed a form of immunization by inhaling dried powders derived from smallpox lesion; this is called ___
Variolation
In 1798, ___ created the smallpox vaccination
Edward Jenner
In 1862, ___ had observed white blood cells digesting dye particles, leading to the discovery of phagocytosis
Ernest Haeckel
Father of Immunology
Louis Pasteur
In 1862, ___ formulated live attenuated, chicken cholera, and anthrax vaccine
Louis Pasteur
In ___, the live “attenuated” vaccine for rabies was first reported by Pasteur
1885
In 1883-1905, ___ introduced the cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis
Ellie Metchnikoff
In 1890, ___ and ___ proposed the humoral theory of immunity
Emil von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato
In 1891, ___ demonstrated cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity
Robert Koch
In 1900, ___ introduced the antibody formation theory
Paul Ehrlich
In 1902, ___ and ___ first described immediate-hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis
Paul Portier
Charles Richet
In 1903, this was described by Nicolas Maurice Arthus
Arthus Reaction of Intermediate Hypersensitivity
This is described as an acute hemorrhagic or necrotic process that occurs locally when injected into immunized individuals possessing high titres of precipitating antibody
The Arthus Reaction
In 1938, ___ introduced the hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding
Phillipa Marrack
In 1944, ___ introduced the hypothesis of allograft rejection
Peter Medawar
In 1949, ___ and ___ pioneered the development of polio vaccine
Salk and Sabin
In 1951, ___ created the vaccine against yellow fever
Reed
In 1953, ___ introduced the concept of graft-versus-host reaction
Dick W. van Bekkum
In 1957, ___ introduced the clonal selection theory
Macfarlene Burnet
In 1957, ___ and ___ introduced interferon (viral interference)
Alick Isaacs
Jean Lindemann
In 1958-1962, ___ identified the human leukocyte antigen locus
Jean Dausset
In 1964-1968, ___ introduced the T cell and B cell cooperation in immune cooperation
Henry Claman
In 1972, ___ and ___ identified the antibody molecule
Gerald M. Edelman
Rodney R. Porter
In 1975, ___ and ___ discovered the first monoclonal antibodies
R. Cesar Milstein
George Kohler
In 1985-1987, ____ identified the genes for T cell receptor
James P. Allison
In 1986, ___ discovered the monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine
Pablo DT Valenzuela
In 1986, ___ introduced Th1 versus Th2 model of T helper cell function
Mossman
In 1996-1998, ___ and ___ identified the toll-like receptor
Jules Hoffman
Bruce Beutler
In 2001, ___ discovered FOXP3, the gene directing regulatory T cell development
Ramsdell
In 2005, ___ development the human papilloma virus vaccine
Ian Frazer
Give examples of opsonins
IgG
CRP
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
B lymphocytes
Humoral
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
T lymphocytes
Cell-mediated
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Extracellular pathogens
Humoral
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Antibodies
Humoral
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Cytokines
Cell-mediated
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Intracellular, intravesicular, microbes
Cell-mediated
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Opsonization
Humoral
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Neutralization
Humoral
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Cell lysis
Cell-mediated
Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity:
Apoptosis
Cell-mediated
