2S [LAB]: Serologic Tests for Syphilis Flashcards
Also known as the great imitator
Syphilis
Etiologic agent of Yaws
T. pallidum subsp. pertenue
Etiologic agent of non-venereal syphilis
T. pallidum subsp. endemicum
Syphilis stage that is marked by the development of a hard, painless, and solitary genital lesion
Primary syphilis
The lesion that appears in during the primary syphilis stage is called ___
Chancre or Hunterian Chancre
Syphilis stage that begins 2-12 weeks after the disappearance of the chancer and may cause lymphadenopathy, fever, pharyngitis, malaise, and rashes on the skin and mucous membrane
Secondary syphilis
In secondary syphilis, the wart-like lesions are called ___
Condyloma lata
Syphilis stage that is characterized by the disappearance of the signs and symptoms of syphilis, where patients are generally non-infectious
Latent syphilis
Syphilis stage where patients experience CVD, neurosyphilis, and localized subcutaneous granulomas
Tertiary syphilis
The localized subcutaneous granulomas in tertiary syphilis are called ___
Gummas
Screening tests with a high sensitivity for the diagnosis of syphilis
Non-treponemal tests
Non-treponemal tests involves the detection of ___ using known suspensions of ___
Reagin
Cardiolipin
An antigen prepared from the alcoholic extract of beef cardiac muscle
Cardiolipin
Highly specific and sensitive tests that detect treponemal antibodies
Treponemal tests
Serves as verification procedures for validating results obtained in a non-treponemal test
Treponemal tests
Main antigen source used in VDRL
Cardiolipin
Reagent used in VDRL to remove anti-complementary substances of cardiolipin
Lecithin
Reagent used to enhance the effective reacting surface of cardiolipin in VDRL
Cholesterol
Antigenic stabilizer used in VDRL
Benzoic acid
Size of needle used in qualitative VDRL
18G (60 drops)
Size of needle used in quantitative VDRL
19G (75 drops)
23G (100 drops)
Size of needle used in CSF VDRL
21 or 22G (100)
Slide used in VDRL
Boerner’s slide
Rotation time and RPM required in VDRL
4 mins, 180 rpm
T/F: In VDRL, the serum is heated to inactivate the complement
True
Water bath conditions used to inactivate complement in VDRL
56C for 30 mins
Positive result for RPR
Black clumps against a white background
Optimal temperature when VDRL is being performed
23-29C
In RPR, this reagent makes the reaction more visible
Charcoal
In RPR, this reagent prevents lipid peroxidation
EDTA
In RPR, this reagent preserved the antigen suspension
Thimerosal
In RPR, this reagent acts as a chemical inactivator
Choline chloride
Rotation time and RPM used in RPR
8 mins, 100 rpm
One of the simplest, most rapid, and specific laboratory procedures done for the detection of antibodies against T. pallidum
SY-TPHA
Principle of SY-TPHA
Indirect hemagglutination
Reagent used in SY-TPHA
Avian (turkey) RBCs fixed or treated with glutaraldehyde and tannic acid
Reagent used on TPI
Live treponemes and Guinea pig complement
Principle involved in Treponemal tests
Indirect hemagglutination
Principle involved in VDRL
Flocculation
Principle involved in RPR
Indirect agglutination
