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Mycology and Virology > RNAV: Togaviridae > Flashcards

RNAV: Togaviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the subfamilies that belong to the Togaviridae family?

A

Rubivirus
Old World Alphavirus
New World Alphavirus

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2
Q

What virus belongs to the Rubivirus group of the Togaviridae family?

A

Rubella virus

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3
Q

What disease is caused by the Rubella virus?

A

Rubella (German measles)

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4
Q

What congenital condition is associated with Rubella virus infection during pregnancy?

A

Congenital rubella syndrome

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5
Q

What are the primary routes of transmission for the Rubella virus?

A

Respiratory droplets and vertical transmission (from mother to fetus)

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6
Q

What distinguishes Rubella virus from other Togaviridae members?

A

No arthropod vector

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7
Q

What are two major clinical manifestations of Rubella virus infection?

A

Rash and congenital defects

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8
Q

What is the size and shape of the Togaviridae family?

A

60-70 nm,
Icosahedral

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9
Q

What are the important members of the Old World Alphaviruses?

A

Chikungunya virus
O’nyong-nyong virus
Sindbis virus
Ross River virus
Barmah Forest virus

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10
Q

What virus is known to cause fever, polyarthritis, and rash in Africa?

A

O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV)

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11
Q

What virus is associated with Sindbis fever, which presents with mild fever, rash, and polyarthritis?

A

Sindbis virus (SINV)

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12
Q

What virus causes Ross River fever, a disease characterized by arthritis, rash, and fatigue?

A

Ross River virus (RRV)

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13
Q

Which virus causes Barmah Forest virus disease, a flu-like illness with rash and arthritis?

A

Barmah Forest virus (BFV)

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14
Q

How are Old World Alphaviruses primarily transmitted?

A

Mosquito bites

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15
Q

Which mosquito species transmits Chikungunya virus?

A

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

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16
Q

Which mosquito species is responsible for transmitting O’nyong-nyong virus?

A

Anopheles species

17
Q

Which mosquito species transmits Sindbis virus?

A

Culex species

18
Q

Which Old World Alphavirus is endemic to Australia and the Pacific regions?

A

Ross River virus (RRV)

19
Q

Which Old World Alphavirus is limited to Australia and presents similarly to Ross River virus?

A

Barmah Forest virus (BFV)

20
Q

What is the distinguishing characteristic of Old World Alphaviruses?

A

They cause fever, severe joint pain, and rash

21
Q

What is the size and shape of Old World Alphaviruses?

A

Approximately 60-70 nm, icosahedral

22
Q

What are the important members of the New World Alphaviruses?

A

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)
Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV)
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)
Mayaro Virus (MAYV)
Semliki Forest Virus (SFV)

23
Q

What virus is responsible for causing severe encephalitis with high mortality?

A

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)

24
Q

What mosquito species transmits Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Culiseta melanura

25
Q

What is a distinguishing feature of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Found in North and South America

26
Q

What virus causes encephalitis that is milder than Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus but can also present with flu-like symptoms?

A

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV)

27
Q

What mosquito species transmits Western Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Culex tarsalis

28
Q

What is a key epidemiological feature of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Birds act as reservoirs

29
Q

What virus causes encephalitis and febrile illness and can infect both horses and humans?

A

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)

30
Q

What mosquito species transmits Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Culex and Aedes species

31
Q

What virus is an emerging arbovirus that causes dengue-like illness with joint pain and is endemic in South America?

A

Mayaro Virus (MAYV)

32
Q

What mosquito species transmits Mayaro Virus?

A

Haemagogus species

33
Q

What virus is studied for its potential as a vaccine vector and can cause meningoencephalitis in rare human cases?

A

Semliki Forest Virus (SFV)

34
Q

What is the major clinical difference between Old World and New World Alphaviruses?

A

Old World Alphaviruses cause fever, rash, and arthritis

New World Alphaviruses are neurotropic and can cause severe and fatal encephalitis.

35
Q

Among the New World Alphaviruses, which has the highest mortality rate (~30-50%)?

A

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)

36
Q

Which New World Alphaviruses have lower fatality rates compared to Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

A

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV)
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)

37
Q

What is the size and shape of all New World Alphaviruses?

A

60-70 nm, icosahedral

Mycology and Virology (21 decks)

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