DNAV: Hepadnaviridae Flashcards
What virus causes Hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
What are the possible outcomes of Hepatitis B infection?
Acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the genome type of Hepatitis B virus?
Partially double-stranded circular DNA
Is Hepatitis B virus enveloped or non-enveloped?
Enveloped
Which laboratory marker indicates an active Hepatitis B infection?
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
Which Hepatitis B marker is associated with high infectivity?
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)
Which antigen is part of the HBV core and not detected in the bloodstream?
Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg)
(Liver Biopsies)
Which test is used to directly detect the presence of HBV genetic material?
HBV DNA
Which enzyme is present in HBV to help replicate its DNA?
DNA Polymerase
Which surface antigen of HBV has multiple forms, including M-HBsAg, S-HBsAg, and L-HBsAg?
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
Which symptom of Hepatitis B causes yellowing of the skin and eyes?
Jaundice
Which symptoms of Hepatitis B are related to digestion?
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, dark urine, pale stool
What is a common musculoskeletal symptom of Hepatitis B?
Joint pain
Which symptom of Hepatitis B presents as itchy, red patches on the skin?
Hives
Which general symptoms of Hepatitis B indicate systemic involvement?
Fever, headache, weakness, fatigue
Which family does Hepatitis A virus belong to?
Picornaviridae
What is the genome type of Hepatitis A virus?
Single-stranded RNA
What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A virus?
Fecal-oral route
Which laboratory tests are used to diagnose Hepatitis A?
Serology for IgM anti-HAV antibodies, RT-PCR for HAV RNA
What type of liver disease is caused by Hepatitis A virus?
Acute hepatitis, self-limiting liver disease
Which family does Hepatitis B virus belong to?
Hepadnaviridae
What is the genome type of Hepatitis B virus?
Partially double-stranded DNA
How is Hepatitis B virus transmitted?
Percutaneous, sexual, perinatal contact
Which laboratory tests are used to diagnose Hepatitis B virus?
Serology: HBsAg, HBeAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBc; PCR for HBV DNA; Liver function tests
What are the possible complications of Hepatitis B infection?
Acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
Which family does Hepatitis C virus belong to?
Flaviviridae
What is the genome type of Hepatitis C virus?
Single-stranded RNA
How is Hepatitis C virus transmitted?
Percutaneous exposure, sexual transmission
Which laboratory tests are used to diagnose Hepatitis C virus?
Serology: Anti-HCV, HCV RNA detection via PCR
What are the possible complications of Hepatitis C infection?
Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
Which family does Hepatitis D virus belong to?
Deltaviridae
What is the genome type of Hepatitis D virus?
Single-stranded RNA
What is required for Hepatitis D virus infection?
Coinfection or superinfection with Hepatitis B virus
Which laboratory tests are used to diagnose Hepatitis D virus?
Serology: HDV antigen, anti-HDV IgM/IgG; PCR for HDV RNA
Why is Hepatitis D infection considered more severe?
Causes severe hepatitis in HBV-infected patients
Which family does Hepatitis E virus belong to?
Hepeviridae
What is the genome type of Hepatitis E virus?
Single-stranded RNA
How is Hepatitis E virus transmitted?
Fecal-oral route, contaminated water
Which laboratory tests are used to diagnose Hepatitis E virus?
Serology: Anti-HEV antibodies (IgM and IgG), RT-PCR for HEV RNA
Which population is at higher risk of severe complications from Hepatitis E infection?
Pregnant women (high mortality risk)
