Risk factors in coronary atherosclerosis

Question 1

primary prevention

Answer 1

strategies to reduce the risk of an initial adverse event (before any diagnosis is made)

Question 2

secondary prevention

Answer 2

strategies to reduce the risk of a new adverse event in a patient with a known disease or condition

Question 3

what are the major risk factors in CAD?

Answer 3

1. dyslipidemias
2. hypertension
3. tobacco use
4. diabetes mellitus
5. chronic renal disease

Question 4

what are the general strategies for risk factors?

Answer 4

1. therapeutic intervention for patients with known disease (secondary)
2. identification and targeting of high risk individuals (primary)
3. general recommendations for general population

Question 5

what is the most important thing to do when you suspect someone is at risk of CVD?

Answer 5

conduct estimation of risk

Question 6

at what serum cholesterol level is average risk for CVD exceeded?

Answer 6

240

Question 7

what is the primary prevention for dyslipidemia?

Answer 7

1. behavior modification

2. possibly drugs

Question 8

what is the secondary prevention for dyslipidemia?

Answer 8

1. behavior modification PLUS pharmacologic (statins)

Question 9

what is the highest risk group for ASCVD?

Answer 9

diabetics (10 year risk equivalency)

Question 10

stopping tobacco use reduces risk of CAD by what % in the first 1-2 years?

Answer 10

50%

Question 11

what is the leading cause of death in diabetics over age 40?

Answer 11

CAD