Nutritional supplements

Question 1

definition: nutritional supplement

Answer 1

a product intended to supplement the diet and contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: vitamins, minerals, amino acids, herbs / botanicals

Question 2

what is the USP?

Answer 2

United States Pharmacopeia - evaluation by a third party

Question 3

how does magnesium influence calcium balance?

Answer 3

keeps calcium in check

Question 4

how is calcium best absorbed?

Answer 4

at 250-500 mg and with other bone nutrients (1:1 ratio with magnesium)

Question 5

what are reasons for selenium supplementation?

Answer 5

hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism

Question 6

what are reasons for magnesium supplementation?

Answer 6

constipation

Question 7

what are reliable biomarkers for zinc?

Answer 7

plasma, urine, hair

Question 8

which form of iron is absorbed best?

Answer 8

ferrous

Question 9

what is the role of molybdenum?

Answer 9

breaks down sulfur

Question 10

what are markers for adenosylcobalamin deficiency?

Answer 10

methylmalonic acid and succinate

Question 11

what are signs of methylcobalamin deficiency?

Answer 11

elevated RBC folate or serum folate

Question 12

what is the most active form of folate, and produced by they MTHFR enzyme?

Answer 12

methylfolate

Question 13

where in the cell is methylfolate made?

Answer 13

cytoplasm

Question 14

what occurs when there is too much methylfolate?

Answer 14

folate trapping

Question 15

what is the result of excess methylfolate without adequate B12?

Answer 15

blockage of methionine cycle

Question 16

what results from blockage of the methionine cycle?

Answer 16

increased homocysteine levels and inhibition of methylation, DNA damage