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FWS tb > Rhône Quiz > Flashcards

Rhône Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Built summer home in Avignon 14th C
“Châteanuef-du-Pape”

A

Pope John XXII

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2
Q

What weather disaster hit the Rhône in the 20th century

A

1956
Big Freeze
Wiped out fruit trees, vines and olives trees
But many vines survived and farmers moved to grape growing

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3
Q

Who originally planted the vineyards of the Northern Rhône?

A

Romans

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4
Q

Whose summer palace was built north of Avignon?

A

Pope John XXII

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5
Q

What benefits does Viognier give when co-fermented with Syrah?


A
  1. Adds body to the wine
  2. Aids color
  3. Adds aroma
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6
Q

What makes Clairette a good variety for the Southern Rhône?

A

Large vine leaves protect grapes from sunburn

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7
Q

What does the term échelas refer to in the Northern Rhône?

A

Stakes used to support vines- teepee fashio

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8
Q

The dessert wine, Hermitage Vin de Paille is made using grapes that have been?

A

Dried

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9
Q

Which is the main training method in the Southern Rhône?

A

Gobelet

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10
Q

What is Inox?

A

Stainless steel aging vessel

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11
Q

Béton

A

Concrete aging vessels in the Rhône Valley

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12
Q

Demi-muid

A

600-litre oak barrels often used in the Rhône Valley

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13
Q

Foudre

A

Large, inert oak barrel

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14
Q

Which grape variety must be included in red Côtes du Rhône blends that are vinified south of Montélimar?


A

Grenache

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15
Q

Which grape variety is usually dominant in white Côtes du Rhône blends from the Southern Rhône?

A

Grenache Blanc

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16
Q

The Northern Rhône accounts for what percentage of the Rhône Valley’s production area?


A

4%

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17
Q

What type of climate does the Northern Rhône enjoy?


A

Continental with Med influence

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18
Q

What type of climate does the Southern Rhône enjoy?


A

Mediterranean

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19
Q

Which of these is the main training method in the Southern Rhône?


A

Gobelet

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20
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level of a Rasteau VDN and Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise wine?

A

15%

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21
Q

A white Rasteau VDN that has been aged until at least 1st March of the 3rd year after harvest is called, what?

A

Ambré

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22
Q

What part of the Rhône is the Diois considered?

A

Northern Rhône

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23
Q

What type of climate do Diois vineyards have?

A

Continental with alpine influences

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24
Q

What impacts the Diois climate

A

Massif du Vercors

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25
Q

The Diois enjoys a continental climate – but what other important influences affect the area’s growing conditions?

A

Alpine influences

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26
Q

Clairette de Die

A

Traditional method sparkling wines

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27
Q

Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale

A

Sweet sparkling wine

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28
Q

The Rhône Valley is affected by the Mistral – but what is the Mistral?



A

A northerly cooling wind

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29
Q

Saint Joseph AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - West of river

Syrah can be co-fermented with Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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30
Q

Vacqueyras AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru

Dry white, rosé and red

Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail

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31
Q

Côte Rôtie AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - West of river

Syrah can be co-fermented with Viognier

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32
Q

Rasteau AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - NE

Red & VDNs

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33
Q

Hermitage AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - East of river

Sweet wines from dried grapes

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34
Q

Condrieu AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - West of river

100% Viognier ONLY
Dry White and Sweet White

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35
Q

Vinsobres AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - NE

Red ONLY

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36
Q

Châteaneuf du Pape AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - Valley Floor

The blends can be made from just one of the approved grape varieties

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37
Q

Beaumes de Venise AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru

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38
Q

Cornas AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - West

100% Syrah ONLY

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39
Q

Lirac AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru

Valley Floor

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40
Q

Château-Grillet AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - West

Single Estate AO

100% Viognier dry or sweet

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41
Q

Cairanne AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - NE

Dry White and Red ONLY

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42
Q

Gigondas AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru

Only Rosé & Red

Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail

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43
Q

Tavel AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - Valley Floor

Rosé ONLY

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44
Q

Saint-Péray AOC

A

Southern Rhône Cru - West of river

Only makes white wines - Dry / Sparkling

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45
Q

Crozes-Hermitage AOC

A

Northern Rhône Cru - East

Largest of N Rhône

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46
Q

Which is the northernmost cru of the Northern Rhône?

A

Côte Rôtie

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47
Q

Which two Rhône AOCs make Vins Doux Naturels?


A

Rasteau

Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise


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48
Q

All the white grape varieties that can be used in Hermitage AOC?


A

MARSANNE
ROUSSANNE

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49
Q

Côtes du Rhône Villages AOC can be made in both the Northern and Southern Rhône?

A

ONLY WITHIN SOUTHERN RHÔNE

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50
Q

Which of these grapes is not permitted in the Northern Rhône crus?

  1. Clairette
  2. Marsanne
  3. Roussanne
  4. Viognier
A
  1. Clairette
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51
Q

What is the southernmost AOC in the Rhône valley?


A

Costières de Nîmes

52
Q

What wine styles are made in Condrieu?

A

Dry White and Sweet White

53
Q

Which of these soil types is NOT found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC?
1. Limestone
2. Sandstone
3. Galets
4. Granite

A
  1. Granite
54
Q

Muscat à Petits Grains AOC

A

Only VDN

Southern Rhône

55
Q

What is the primary grape variety of Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale?

A

Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc

56
Q

Which is the largest of the Crus in the Southern Rhône?


A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

57
Q

Which of these Southern Rhône Cru AOCs only produces Red wine?



A

Beaumes de Venise


58
Q

Beaumes de Venise
 AOC

A

Southern Rhône

Red ONLY

Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail

59
Q

What S Rhône AOCs lay outside of Cotes du Rhône cannot produce regional?

A

Ventoux
Luberon
Costieres de Nimes
+4 others
7 TOTAL

60
Q

Which is the most planted grape in the Côtes du Rhône area?

A

Grenache

61
Q

Of the seven Southern Rhône AOCs outside the Côtes du Rhône AOC area, which has the largest production?


A

Ventoux

62
Q

Which Northern Rhône Crus allow the use of Viognier?

A

Condrieu
Château-Grillet
Côte Rôtie


63
Q

Which Northern Rhône Cru is known for Sparkling Wine?


A

Saint-Péray

64
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar level for Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise?


A

10% /100 g/l

65
Q

Blending Rules

Red Côte du Rhône made south of Montélimar

A

At least two of the principal red grapes must make up a min of 60% – one must be Grenache

66
Q

Blending Rules

Red Côte du Rhône Villages

A

At least two of the principal red grapes must make up a min of 66% – one must be Grenache

67
Q

Blending Rules

Red Côte du Rhône made north of Montélimar

A

One of the principal red grapes must make up at least 60% of the blend

68
Q

Blending Rules

Hermitage and Crozes-Hermitage

A

Up to 15% Marsanne and/or Roussanne may be co-fermented with Syrah

69
Q

Blending Rules

Côte Rôtie

A

Up to 20% Viognier may be co-fermented with Syrah

70
Q

Blending Rules

Saint Joseph

A

Up to 10% Marsanne and/or Roussanne may be co-fermented with Syrah

71
Q

What is the climate of the Northern Rhône?

A

Continental with some Mediterranean influence.

72
Q

What is the climate of the Southern Rhône?

A

Mediterranean

73
Q

Where are sparkling wines made in the Rhône?

A

Saint-Péray in the Northern Rhône and Clairette de Die and Crémant de Die in the Diois all make sparkling wines.

74
Q

Which Rhône appellation is a monopole?

A

Château-Grillet

75
Q

What are “galets”?

A

Rounded river stones, most famously found in Chateauneuf-du-Pape.

76
Q

The entire Rhône Valley produces Côtes du Rhône AOC.

True or False?

A

FALSE

There are Rhône Valley appellations outside the Côtes du Rhône zone of production.

77
Q

Which two Southern Rhône crus are on the right bank of the Rhône River?

A

Tavel and Lirac

78
Q

How do vines benefit from being located in the foothills of the Dentelles de Montmirail?

A

The Dentelles act as a wind block and sun trap and blanket the vines with cool air at night.

79
Q

Which Rhône AOCs produce VDN wines?

A

Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise

80
Q

Which Rhône AOC’s name means “burned earth” in Celtic?

A

Cornas

81
Q

What is the southernmost appellation in the Rhône Valley?

A

Costières de Nimes

82
Q

In which century did the Papacy move to Avignon?

A

14th century

83
Q

Which two “other Rhône Valley” appellations have UNESCO recognition?

A

Ventoux and Luberon

84
Q

Which three grape varieties dominate the red wine blends of the Southern Rhône?

A

Grenache, Syrah and Mourvèdre (GSM) blends

85
Q

Which Northern Rhône appellations allow white grape varieties to be co-fermented with Syrah in their red wines?

A

Côte Rôtie – using Viognier.

Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage & Saint-Joseph – all using Marsanne and Roussanne.

86
Q

What is the northernmost cru in the Northern Rhône?

A

Côte Rôtie

87
Q

What are the main soil types found in the Northern Rhône?

A

Granite and schist

88
Q

Southern Rhône white wines are typically aged in oak. True or False?

A

FALSE.

They are usually fermented in neutral vessels and consumed within 2-4 years.

89
Q

Which two Southern Rhône cru appellations are authorized to produce dry white, rosé and red wines?

A

Lirac and Vacqueyras

90
Q

Condrieu AOC may produce dry and sweet white wines from Viognier grapes.

True or False?

A

True

91
Q

Which grape variety forms the backbone of most Côtes du Rhône white wines?

A

Grenache Blanc

92
Q

The Northern Rhône is bookended by which two cities?

A

Vienne and Valence

93
Q

What is the Dentelles de Montmirail?

A

A mountain range on the eastern flank of the Southern Rhône.

94
Q

Which Rhône appellation can make Vin de Paille?

A

Hermitage

95
Q

What are the five soil types of the Southern Rhône?

A

Galets, garrigue, sandstone, clay and loess/molasse

96
Q

Southern Rhône cru appellations mandate hand harvesting.

True or False?

A

FALSE.

Only Beaumes de Venise AOC mandates hand harvesting.

97
Q

Which appellation is responsible for the majority of production in the Diois?

A

Clairette de Die

98
Q

Which three Southern Rhône Crus surround hilltop towns?

A

Vinsobres

Rasteau

Cairanne

99
Q

What is “loess”?

A

Fine wind-blown soil deposits usually comprised of silt

and sand.

100
Q

What is the most common vine training system in the Southern Rhône?

A

Gobelet

101
Q

The Southern Rhône is bookended by which two cities?

A

Montélimar

and Nîmes

102
Q

There is tremendous consistency in the vintages of the wines of the Northern Rhône. True or False?

A

FALSE.

There is high vintage variation in Northern Rhône wines.

103
Q

Northern Rhône

A

Steep vineyards near the Rhône River

104
Q

Southern Rhône

A

Vineyards stretching up to 50 mi/80 km away from the Rhône River.

105
Q

When did Rome arrive?

A

121 BCE

106
Q

What does “Méridionaux” mean?

A

Of the Southern Rhône (in nature, style or location)

107
Q

How much production for Côte du Rhône?

A

50% of Rhône production

108
Q

1st people of Rhône?

A

Celtics

Then the Greeks

109
Q

What borders Rhone?

A

N - Lyon / Beaujolais
SW - Languedoc
SE - Provence
E - The Prealps
W - Massif Central

110
Q

What parallels does Rhône site?

A

44th - 45th

111
Q

What is the land difference in N & S Rhône?

A

N - River effect and Steep banks - use stakes called ECHELAS -S/SE facing to mitigate wind

S - flatter land, vines face south and grown low to protect against Mistral, up to 80k from Rhône

112
Q

Northern Rhône runs from where to where?

A

Vienne –> Valence

113
Q

Southern Rhône runs from where to where?

A

Montélimar –> Nimes

114
Q

Les Côte du Rhône runs from where to where?

A

Vienne –> Avignon

115
Q

Grapes of N Rhône

A

Viognier - Adds lift and perfume
Marsanne -
Rousssanne - perfume

Red- Syrah - SOLE GRAPE in North

116
Q

What white grapes are co-fermented with Syrah?

A

Viognier for perfume
Marsanne for complexity and soften tannins

117
Q

Harvesting in North?

A

Hand due to steep slopes

118
Q

Define:
1. Béton
2. Inox
3. Demi-muids (or foudres)

A
  1. Béton –> concrete vessels
  2. Inox –> Stainless steel
  3. Demi-muids (or foudres) –> Large Wood Casks
119
Q

Reds to whites in N Rhone Crus

A

81% Red
19% White
No Rosé

120
Q

How many pope’s served in Avignon?

A

7 for 70 years

121
Q

How did the big freeze impact Rhône?

A

1956 - super cold and strong Mistral destroyed most of the olive trees and fruit plants. But wine vines survived so there was a shift to wine growing.

122
Q

What are the only 2 monopoles outside Bourgogne?

A

Château Grillet - N Rhone
Coulée de Serrant - Loire

123
Q

How many Grand Crus in North and South Rhone?

A

North = 8
South = 9

124
Q

Requirements for principal grapes in N & S Rhone

A

N only 1 Principal >60%
S - 2 are required >60% and Grenache required

125
Q

How many
1. Villages in Rhone Valley
2. Villages Cote du Rhone AOC
3. How many are CDR Villages
4. How many can put their village name on the. bottle?
5. How many Crus

A

300 villages
171 Total for CDR
95 Villages CDR Villages
22 to add names
17 Crus

126
Q

What grape is added to Rosé for perfume and fruit?

A

Cinsault

127
Q
A

FWS tb (46 decks)

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