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FWS tb > Bordeaux Quizes > Flashcards

Bordeaux Quizes Flashcards

1
Q

Bordeaux’s climate is fundamentally maritime - but which phenomenon regulates and tempers the climatic conditions?

A

The Gulf Stream

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2
Q

What is the name of the large man-made forest to the west of Bordeaux which provides a barrier to ocean winds and storms, so protecting the region’s vineyards?

A

Les Landes

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3
Q

What was the Dutch influence on Bordeaux?

A

They drained the Medoc which exposed gravel and allowed vines to grow which did not before.

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4
Q

What happened in 1956?

A

Big Freeze
Killed off most of the Cot vines and Merlot was planted in its place

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5
Q

Which French duchess married Henry Plantagenet in 1152, bringing her lands under English rule?

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine

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6
Q

In which year did the extreme winter destroy much of the Côt crop in Bordeaux and South-West France – causing many producers to replace the grape with Merlot?

A

1956

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7
Q

Which grape variety is the most widely planted in Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

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8
Q

Which white grape is the primary variety for sweet wines from Bordeaux?

A

Sémillon

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8
Q

What is the French term for punch downs?

A

Pigeage

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9
Q

What is the French term for pump over?

A

Remontage

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10
Q

What is the French term for rack and return?

A

Délestage

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11
Q

How is Clairet made?

A

Similar to red wine, but short maceration 24-36 hours
Wine is then bled off skins - saignée

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12
Q

What grape cannot be used for Bordeaux Moelleux

A

Alvarinho
There is no Bordeaux Supérieur dry white

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13
Q

Which wine style is not included in the regional Bordeaux AOC?

A

Sparkling

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14
Q

From what grapes can Bordeaux AOC rosés be made?

A

Both red and white

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15
Q

Which style of wine is produced in the AOCs of the Médoc?

A

Red

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a commune AOC in the Médoc?

  1. Saint-Estèphe
  2. Listrac
  3. Moulis-en-Médoc
  4. Saint-Julien
  5. Fronsac
A
  1. Fronsac
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17
Q

What does Graves AOC make?

A

Red and white

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18
Q

What does Sauternais make?

A

Sweet white same grapes as dry white in Graves

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19
Q

Which river separates Sauternes from Barsac and helps create the humid conditions that lead to botrytis developing?

A

The Ciron

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20
Q

What styles of wine is made in Graves Supérieures AOC?

A

Semi-Sweet White

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21
Q

What is interesting about Cadillac AOC?

A

Requires a minimum sweetness of 5.1%
Has less potential for botrytis since less mist

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22
Q

Wine style - Entre-deux-Mers

A

Dry white only

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23
Q

Wine style - Cadillac, Loupiac and Sainte-Croix-du-Mont

A

Sweet-white only

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24
Q

Graves de Vayres

A

Dry white, Red and Semi-sweet white

Entre-deux-Mers

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25
Q

Many Entre-deux-Mers châteaux also produce red wines – which AOCs can appear on the label of these wines?

A

Bordeaux and Bordeaux Supérieur

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26
Q

Libournais AOC produce

A

Red wine only
White wines are labeled Bordeaux AOC

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27
Q

What is the dominant blend in the Libournais wines?

A

Merlot and Cabernet Franc

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28
Q

What does Côtes mean?

A

Slopes

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29
Q

Côtes de Bordeaux AOC wine style

A

Red wine only
5 DCGs (these can make white, sweet wine at DCG level)

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30
Q

If a bottle of wine is labeled as Côtes de Bordeaux AOC – with no qualifying DGC mentioned – what style of wine will the bottle contain?

A

Red only

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31
Q

Sainte-Foy Côtes de Bordeaux DCG style

A

Dry white, red, semi-sweet and sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers

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32
Q

Blaye Côtes de Bordeaux DCG

A

Red and dry whites
Right Bank

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33
Q

Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux & Castillon Côtes de Bordeaux DGC style

A

Red only

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34
Q

Francs Côtes de Bordeaux style DCG

A

Red, dry white and sweet white
Right Bank

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35
Q

What is Cru Bourgeois?

A

Formal classification began in 2020 for 296 châteaux.
1. Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels
2. Cru Bourgeois Supérieurs
3. Cru Bourgeois

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36
Q

What is Cru Artisan?

A

36 Small estates (1-5 ha) that are entirely responsible for the own red wine production

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37
Q

Where is the only Bordeaux location that ranks white and red, not estates?

A

Graves including Pessac-Léognan
Grand Cru Classé de Graves
Est 1953
“Graves Classification”
13 red and 9 white
Left Bank

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38
Q

What are Saint-Émilion Grand Crus Classes?

A

Est 1953, updated 2012
82 estates - 3 levels
1. Premiers Grand Crus Classés A
2. Premiers Grand Crus Classés B
3. Grand Crus Classés

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39
Q

Which areas of Bordeaux have classifications?

A
  1. Médoc
  2. Graves & Pessac-Léognan
  3. Sauternes & Barsac
  4. Saint-Émilion
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40
Q

Originally the 1855 Classification had just four Premiers Crus. However in 1973 a Deuxième Cru was promoted to make it five Premiers Crus. Which Châteaux was promoted?

A

Château Mouton-Rothschild

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41
Q

List the Médoc communes from north to south?

A
  1. Saint-Estèphe
  2. Pauillac
  3. Saint-Julien
  4. Listrac-Médoc
  5. Moulis-en-Médoc
  6. Margaux
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42
Q

What body of water separates the right and left bank in Bordeaux?

A

Gironde

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43
Q

Saint-Émilion Grand Cru

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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44
Q

Fronsac

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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45
Q

Margaux

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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46
Q

Pessac-Léognan

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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47
Q

Médoc

A

Merlot
Left Bank

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48
Q

Lalande-de-Pomerol

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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49
Q

Castillon Côtes de Bordeaux

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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50
Q

Saint-Julien

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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51
Q

Graves

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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52
Q

Saint-Estèphe

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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53
Q

Haut-Médoc

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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54
Q

Listrac-Médoc

A

Merlot
Left Bank

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55
Q

Pomerol

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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56
Q

Saint-Émilion

A

Merlot
Right Bank

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57
Q

Canon Fronsac

A

Merlot

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58
Q

Moulis-en-Médoc

A

Merlot
Left Bank

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59
Q

Pauillac

A

CabSav
Left Bank

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60
Q

Bordeaux Haut-Benauge

A

DCG
Dry and semi-sweet wines
Entre-deux-Mers

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61
Q

Entre-deux-Mers

A

Dry White Wine
25% of all dry white in Bordeaux

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62
Q

Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux

A

Red - Merlot dominate with some CabSav (gravel soils)
Entre-deux-Mers

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63
Q

Cadillac

A

Sweet wine (5.1%)
Entre-deux-Mers

64
Q

Bordeaux Haut-Benauge

A

Dry & semi-sweet from Sémillon and SavBlanc

65
Q

Bordeaux Supérieur Blanc

A

Moelleux white wine

66
Q

Blaye

A

Red blend - 50% CabSav, CabFranc and Merlot

67
Q

What is the estuary that separates Bourg and Blaye from the Médoc and empties into the Atlantic?

A

Gironde Estuary

68
Q

What is the river that separates Entre-deux-Mers from the Libournais?

A

Dordogne

69
Q

What is the river that separates Graves from Entre-deux-Mers?

A

Garonne

70
Q

What is the river that flows through Sauternes and Barsac creating fog that causes botrytis?

A

Ciron

71
Q

Montagne-Saint-Émilion

A

Saint-Émilion satellite
Right Bank

72
Q

Côtes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire

A

Dry White, Semi-sweet, Sweet
Entre-deux-Mers

73
Q

Sainte-Croix-du-Mont

A

Sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers

74
Q

Loupiac AOC

A

Sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers

75
Q

Bourg/Côtes de Bourg

A

Dry white / Red
Merlot
Right Bank

76
Q

St-Georges-Saint-Émilion

A

Satellite - Saint Émilion
Right Bank

77
Q

Canon Fronsac/Fronsac

A

Right bank on Isle River

78
Q

Lussac-Saint-Émilion

A

Satellite - Saint Émilion
Merlot
Right Bank

79
Q

Premières Côtes de Bordeaux

A

Entre-deux-Mers
Merlot / CabFranc

80
Q

Puisseguin-Saint-Émilion

A

Left Bank

81
Q

Mauzac

A

Secondary White Grapes of Bordeaux

82
Q

What style of wine is made in the Entre-deux-Mers AOC?

A

Dry whites only

83
Q

Muscadelle

A

Principal White Grapes of Bordeaux

84
Q

Petit Manseng

A

Not permitted White Grapes of Bordeaux

85
Q

Sauvignon Blanc

A

Principal White Grapes of Bordeaux

86
Q

Ugni Blanc

A

Secondary White Grapes of Bordeaux

87
Q

Courbu

A

Not permitted White Grape in Bordeaux

88
Q

Gros Manseng

A

Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux

89
Q

Chenin Blanc

A

Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux

90
Q

Sémillon

A

Principal White Grapes in Bordeaux

91
Q

Melon Blanc

A

Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux

92
Q

Clairette

A

Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux

93
Q

Merlot Blanc

A

2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux

94
Q

Colombard

A

2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux

95
Q

Alvarinho

A

2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux

96
Q

Which of the grapes varieties below is the second-most planted red grape in Bordeaux?

A

CabSav

97
Q

Côt is a red grape variety grown in Bordeaux and some other regions of France. By which name is it more commonly known?

A

Malbec

98
Q

Major soil types for:
1. Entre-deux-Mers
2. Right Bank
3. Left Bank

A
  1. Entre-deux-Mers - Gravel, clay and limestone
  2. Right Bank - Clay & limestone
  3. Left Bank - Gravel
99
Q

In Bordeaux a lighter style of red wine is known as – what?

A

Clairet

100
Q

Which French head of state was in power when the 1855 classification was created?

A

Nepoléon 3

101
Q

Which phrase is added to the names of these Bordeaux districts Castillon, Blaye, Cadillac, Francs and Sainte-Foy to make their AOC name?

A

Côtes de Bordeaux

102
Q

Which Bordeaux sub-region was where the original vineyards in Bordeaux were planted?

A

Graves

103
Q

Which of Bordeaux’s sub-regions is famous for producing rich sweet wines?

A

The Sauternais

104
Q

Which river separates Loupiac from Barsac?

A

The Garonne

105
Q

The sweet wines of Bordeaux are made from grapes that are affected by a mold. What is that mold called?

A

Botrytis

106
Q

What was the most significant contribution that the Dutch made to the development of Bordeaux?

A

The drained the Médoc

107
Q

What is the dominant grape variety in the Libournais sub-region?

A

Merlot

108
Q

Which river separates Entre-deux-Mers from Saint-Émilion?

A

The Dordogne

109
Q

What is the name of the body of water that separates Margaux from Blaye and Bourg?

A

The Gironde

110
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux?

A

Maritime

111
Q

What was ranked in the 1953 Graves Classification?

A

The wines of 16 estates (not the estates themselves), both white and red

112
Q

Entre-deux-Mers AOC may produce dry and sweet white wine.

True or False?

A

FALSE.

Entre-deux-Mers AOC produces only dry white wines.

113
Q

What does “petit château” mean?

A

It is an unofficial term for an unclassified property in the Bordeaux region.

114
Q

Which estate is the only Premier Cru Supérieur of the 1855 classification?

A

Château d’Yquem

115
Q

What does “Cru Artisan” refer to?

A

Boutique wineries of quality in Bordeaux.

116
Q

What is the difference between Saint-Émillion Grand Cru and Saint-Émillion Grand Cru Classé?

A

The former is an AOC; the latter is a ranking within the Saint-Émillion classification system.

117
Q

The Garonne and Dordogne flow into which estuary?

A

The Gironde

118
Q

Only dry red wines may be labeled as coming from the Médoc AOC.

True or False?

A

TRUE.

Some white wine is produced, but it cannot be labeled as coming from the Médoc AOC.

119
Q

What nationality were the engineers who drained the Médoc Peninsula in the 17th century?

A

The Netherlands

120
Q

The 1855 Classification in Bordeaux was based on the size and prestige of the estates.

True or False?

A

FALSE.

It reflected the price points (by tiers) at which the top wines were selling in 1855.

121
Q

Which Bordeaux

soils are considered “warm”?

A

Gravel and sand

122
Q

Which Bordeaux soils are considered “cold”?

A

Clay and limestone

123
Q

What is France’s largest AOC vineyard area?

A

Bordeaux AOC

124
Q

The 1855 Classification is divided into how many tiers, or rankings?

A

5

125
Q

What is the main soil type of Bordeaux’s Left Bank?

A

Gravel

126
Q

Who championed the “second label” concept as a way to improve the quality of the “grand vin”?

A

Émile Peynaud

127
Q

Are wines from Barsac labeled as Sauternes?

A

Yes Barsac is included in Sauternes AOC.

128
Q

Which river separates Sauternes from Barsac?

A

The Ciron

129
Q

Which river separates Fronsac and Canon Fronsac from the rest of the Libournais?

A

The Isle

130
Q

What is a wine sold “en primeur”

A

A wine sold before it is physically released.

131
Q

What are the three primary white grapes in Bordeaux?

A

Sémillon

Sauvignon Blanc

Muscadelle

132
Q

Which Bordeaux sub-region sits between the Dordogne and Garonne rivers?

A

Entre-deux-Mers

133
Q

What are the main soil types of Bordeaux’s Right Bank?

A

Clay and limestone

134
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

135
Q

What grape variety suffered the most damage after the Winter Freeze of 1956?

A

Malbec

136
Q

What is “Les Landes”?

A

A man-made pine forest to the west of Bordeaux.

137
Q

Which Bordeaux estate was promoted to First Growth status in 1973?

A

Château Mouton Rothschild

137
Q

What are the three tiers of the
Cru Bourgeois Classification?

A

Crus Bourgeois

Crus Bourgeois Supérieurs

Crus Bourgeois Exceptionnels

138
Q

Which Right Bank sub-region has a classification system?

A

Saint-Émilion

139
Q

Bordeaux’s first vineyards were planted in which sub-region?

A

Graves

140
Q

Crémant de Bordeaux may be white or rosé.

True or False?

A

True

141
Q

Before becoming its own AOC, Péssac-Leognan was once a part of which Bordeaux sub-region?

A

Graves

142
Q

Côtes de Bordeaux AOC makes only dry red wine. True or False?

A

TRUE

143
Q

What a is a “clairet”?

A

A semi-red wine made by the saignée method.

144
Q

What are the four satellite AOCs of Saint-Émilion?

A

Lussac

Montagne

Puisseguin

Saint-Georges

145
Q

Graves Supérieures AOC produces dry, semi-sweet and sweet white wines.

True or False?

A

FALSE.

Graves Supérieures AOC produces only semi-sweet white wine.

146
Q

What is Bordeaux eastern most AOC

A

Sainte-Foy Côtes de Bordeaux.

147
Q

Characteristics of
1. Right Bank
2. Left Bank
3. Entre Deux Mers

A
  1. Small hills, low plateau, deep valleys
  2. Level gravel mounds
  3. Significant Slopes
148
Q

1st Golden Age

A

1152
Henry Plantagenet
Eleanor of Aquitaine

149
Q

2nd Golden Age

A

1700s
Expanded markets to
Dutch and British

150
Q

2nd Golden Age

A

1700s
Expanded markets to
Dutch and British

151
Q

3rd Golden Age

A

1980s
Emile Paynaud 2nd wines
Robert Parker

152
Q

What geographical location is Bordeaux located

A

Aquitaine Basin

153
Q

Most southern AOC in Medoc

A

Margaux

154
Q

When did French expel the Brits from Bordeaux?

A

1453

155
Q

1/2/3 Golden Age

A
  1. Plantagenet 1152
  2. Expansion to US and Holland 1700s
  3. Robert Parker 1980s
156
Q

What department is Bordeaux

A

Gironde

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