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Respiratory Test Flashcards

0
Q

What do respiratory passageways do?

A

Purify, humidify, and warm incoming air

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1
Q

What are the organs of the respiratory system?

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, brochi, lungs, alveoli

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2
Q

What do the alveoli do?

A

Exchange gases with the blood

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3
Q

What does the nose do?

A

Contains sticky music to moisten air and trap debris/bacteria

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4
Q

What do ciliates cells do in the nose?

A

Move contaminants towards the throat to be swallowed

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5
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

The throat, the common passageway for food and air, contains the tonsils

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6
Q

What is the larynx?

A

The voice box, it routed air and food into the proper channels and plays a role in speech, contains the Adam’s apple, epiglottis, and vocal cords

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7
Q

Opens during breathing but closed larynx when you swallow food; it moves up to close the trachea

A

Epiglottis

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8
Q

Vibrate with expelled air and allows for speech

A

Vocal cords

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9
Q

Smooth muscle tube lined with ciliates mucus and reinforced with c-shape cartilage rings

A

Trachea

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10
Q

What do the rings on the trachea do?

A

Keep the lumen open

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11
Q

What are the right and left bronchi?

A

Tubes that go into the lungs

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12
Q

Wider, shorter, and straighter bronchi more inhaled objects get lodged here

A

Right bronchi

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13
Q

Bronchi branch into

A

Smaller and smaller tubes

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14
Q

What are the smallest bronchi tuned that connect with alveoli?

A

Bronchioles

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15
Q

The apex is the what of the lung?

A

The top

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16
Q

The base is the what of the lung?

A

The bottom

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17
Q

Lung that has 2 lobes, and a notch for the heart

A

Left lung

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18
Q

Shorter lung with 3 lobes

A

Right lung

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19
Q

What covers the surface of both lungs?

A

Visceral pleura

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20
Q

What lines the thoracic cavity?

A

Parietal pleura

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21
Q

What allows the lungs to move and inflate?

A

Pleural fluid

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22
Q

Air sacs with thin layer walls covered on the outside with capillaries?

A

Alveoli

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23
Q

How does gas exchange occur in the alveoli?

A

Simple diffusion

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24
Oxygen moves into
The blood from the alveoli
25
CO2 moves out of
The blood into the alveoli
26
Pulmonary ventilation
Breathing
27
Inspiration
Inhale
28
Expiration
Exhale
29
Respiration
Gas exchange
30
Some shaped muscles under the lungs
Diaphragm
31
When the diaphragm contracts it
Moved downward and enlarges the thoracic cavity.....this happens when you inhale
32
When the diaphragm relaxes
The cavity shrinks...happens when you exhale
33
Located in between the ribs
Intercostal muscles
34
When the intercostal muscles contract they
Pull the ribs outward which enlarges the thoracic cavity
35
When the intercostal muscles relax the thoracic cavity
Shrinks
36
Emotional feelings; releasing air in short expirations
Laugh/cry
37
Deep inhale; ventilated all distal alveoli
Yawn
38
Forcing air upward back through the nasal passage; clears the upper passages
Sneeze
39
Forcing air upward against a closed glottis; clears the lower passages
Cough
40
Sudden inhale from spasms of the diaphragm while the glottis is closed
Hiccup
41
The # of times you inhale per minute at rest
Respiratory rate
42
What is the normal respiratory rate?
12-18 breaths per minute
43
What are the 3 types of breathing?
Diaphragmatic, thoracic, and clavicle breathing
44
Describe diaphragmatic breathing.
It extends the diaphragm downward and expands the lower area of lungs where most of the blood circulates and allows for a good mix of blood and air; it is very efficient
45
Describe thoracic breathing.
Expands the to cage and pushed the chest wall outward and fills the upper and middle areas of lungs, but not the lower area; air is not mixed as good with blood
46
Describe clavicle breathing.
Moves the top of the chest upward and usually only occurs when breathing to maximum capacity during heavy exertion or sobbing; not very efficient
47
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air moved in or out of your lungs at rest
48
What is inspiration reserve volume?
Bloke inhaled during forced breathing in after tidal volume in
49
Expiratory reserve volume?
Volume exhaled during forced breathing after a normal breath out
50
Residual volume?
Volume in the lungs at all time to prevent lung collapse
51
What is VC?
Tidal volume + IRV + ERV
52
What is total lung capacity?
All the air in your lungs....vital capacity and residual volume
53
What is a spirometer??
Measures respiratory capacities
54
What happens during carbon monoxide poisoning?
CO competes with O2 for hemoglobin in RBCs, CO crowds out and displaced the O2, can cause death, can treat with 100% oxygen
55
What sets out breathing rhythm and sends nerve impulses along the phrenic nerve and intercostal nerves to the respiratory muscles?
The medulla
56
Overdoses on sleeping pills, morphine, or alcohol does what?
Suppressed the medulla and respiration stops and death occurs
57
Inadequate oxygen delivery to body tissues
Hypoxia
58
Bluish cast to skin when oxygen is low
Cyanotic
59
What are the harmful products in cigarettes?
Tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide
60
How does nicotine affect your cardiovascular system?
Increases BP, increases HR, and vasoconstriction, increases platelet stickiness, increases blood viscosity
61
What does increased blood viscosity cause?
Heart attacks
62
Carbon monoxide decreases what?
The amount of oxygen RBCs can carry
63
Carbon monoxide also damaged what?
The lining of artery walls and contributes to atherosclerosis
64
How does nicotine affect your respiratory system?
Paralyzed cilia, increases mucus production, decreased VC, increases pulmonary infections, increases risk for lung cancer

Anatomy (19 decks)

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