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Anatomy > Respiratory Test > Flashcards

Respiratory Test Flashcards

0
Q

What do respiratory passageways do?

A

Purify, humidify, and warm incoming air

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1
Q

What are the organs of the respiratory system?

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, brochi, lungs, alveoli

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2
Q

What do the alveoli do?

A

Exchange gases with the blood

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3
Q

What does the nose do?

A

Contains sticky music to moisten air and trap debris/bacteria

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4
Q

What do ciliates cells do in the nose?

A

Move contaminants towards the throat to be swallowed

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5
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

The throat, the common passageway for food and air, contains the tonsils

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6
Q

What is the larynx?

A

The voice box, it routed air and food into the proper channels and plays a role in speech, contains the Adam’s apple, epiglottis, and vocal cords

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7
Q

Opens during breathing but closed larynx when you swallow food; it moves up to close the trachea

A

Epiglottis

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8
Q

Vibrate with expelled air and allows for speech

A

Vocal cords

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9
Q

Smooth muscle tube lined with ciliates mucus and reinforced with c-shape cartilage rings

A

Trachea

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10
Q

What do the rings on the trachea do?

A

Keep the lumen open

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11
Q

What are the right and left bronchi?

A

Tubes that go into the lungs

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12
Q

Wider, shorter, and straighter bronchi more inhaled objects get lodged here

A

Right bronchi

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13
Q

Bronchi branch into

A

Smaller and smaller tubes

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14
Q

What are the smallest bronchi tuned that connect with alveoli?

A

Bronchioles

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15
Q

The apex is the what of the lung?

A

The top

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16
Q

The base is the what of the lung?

A

The bottom

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17
Q

Lung that has 2 lobes, and a notch for the heart

A

Left lung

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18
Q

Shorter lung with 3 lobes

A

Right lung

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19
Q

What covers the surface of both lungs?

A

Visceral pleura

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20
Q

What lines the thoracic cavity?

A

Parietal pleura

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21
Q

What allows the lungs to move and inflate?

A

Pleural fluid

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22
Q

Air sacs with thin layer walls covered on the outside with capillaries?

A

Alveoli

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23
Q

How does gas exchange occur in the alveoli?

A

Simple diffusion

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24
Q

Oxygen moves into

A

The blood from the alveoli

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25
Q

CO2 moves out of

A

The blood into the alveoli

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26
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Breathing

27
Q

Inspiration

A

Inhale

28
Q

Expiration

A

Exhale

29
Q

Respiration

A

Gas exchange

30
Q

Some shaped muscles under the lungs

A

Diaphragm

31
Q

When the diaphragm contracts it

A

Moved downward and enlarges the thoracic cavity…..this happens when you inhale

32
Q

When the diaphragm relaxes

A

The cavity shrinks…happens when you exhale

33
Q

Located in between the ribs

A

Intercostal muscles

34
Q

When the intercostal muscles contract they

A

Pull the ribs outward which enlarges the thoracic cavity

35
Q

When the intercostal muscles relax the thoracic cavity

A

Shrinks

36
Q

Emotional feelings; releasing air in short expirations

A

Laugh/cry

37
Q

Deep inhale; ventilated all distal alveoli

A

Yawn

38
Q

Forcing air upward back through the nasal passage; clears the upper passages

A

Sneeze

39
Q

Forcing air upward against a closed glottis; clears the lower passages

A

Cough

40
Q

Sudden inhale from spasms of the diaphragm while the glottis is closed

A

Hiccup

41
Q

The # of times you inhale per minute at rest

A

Respiratory rate

42
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate?

A

12-18 breaths per minute

43
Q

What are the 3 types of breathing?

A

Diaphragmatic, thoracic, and clavicle breathing

44
Q

Describe diaphragmatic breathing.

A

It extends the diaphragm downward and expands the lower area of lungs where most of the blood circulates and allows for a good mix of blood and air; it is very efficient

45
Q

Describe thoracic breathing.

A

Expands the to cage and pushed the chest wall outward and fills the upper and middle areas of lungs, but not the lower area; air is not mixed as good with blood

46
Q

Describe clavicle breathing.

A

Moves the top of the chest upward and usually only occurs when breathing to maximum capacity during heavy exertion or sobbing; not very efficient

47
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

The amount of air moved in or out of your lungs at rest

48
Q

What is inspiration reserve volume?

A

Bloke inhaled during forced breathing in after tidal volume in

49
Q

Expiratory reserve volume?

A

Volume exhaled during forced breathing after a normal breath out

50
Q

Residual volume?

A

Volume in the lungs at all time to prevent lung collapse

51
Q

What is VC?

A

Tidal volume + IRV + ERV

52
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

All the air in your lungs….vital capacity and residual volume

53
Q

What is a spirometer??

A

Measures respiratory capacities

54
Q

What happens during carbon monoxide poisoning?

A

CO competes with O2 for hemoglobin in RBCs, CO crowds out and displaced the O2, can cause death, can treat with 100% oxygen

55
Q

What sets out breathing rhythm and sends nerve impulses along the phrenic nerve and intercostal nerves to the respiratory muscles?

A

The medulla

56
Q

Overdoses on sleeping pills, morphine, or alcohol does what?

A

Suppressed the medulla and respiration stops and death occurs

57
Q

Inadequate oxygen delivery to body tissues

A

Hypoxia

58
Q

Bluish cast to skin when oxygen is low

A

Cyanotic

59
Q

What are the harmful products in cigarettes?

A

Tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide

60
Q

How does nicotine affect your cardiovascular system?

A

Increases BP, increases HR, and vasoconstriction, increases platelet stickiness, increases blood viscosity

61
Q

What does increased blood viscosity cause?

A

Heart attacks

62
Q

Carbon monoxide decreases what?

A

The amount of oxygen RBCs can carry

63
Q

Carbon monoxide also damaged what?

A

The lining of artery walls and contributes to atherosclerosis

64
Q

How does nicotine affect your respiratory system?

A

Paralyzed cilia, increases mucus production, decreased VC, increases pulmonary infections, increases risk for lung cancer

Anatomy (19 decks)

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