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Anatomy > Blood Vessels Test > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Test Flashcards

0
Q

What blood vessel layer in the innermost, smooth and thick had an endothelial lining and a lumen?

A

Tunica intima

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1
Q

What are the 3 major types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, capillaries, and venules

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2
Q

Thin slick surface that lines the lumen

A

Endothelial lining

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3
Q

Inside opening of a blood vessel

A

Lumen

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4
Q

The only layer in all blood vessels

A

Tunica intima

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5
Q

The smooth muscle layer, the bulkiest, I’m arteries and veins, plays the greatest role in maintaining blood pressure

A

Tunica media

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6
Q

Outer most layer, rich in nerve endings and lymph vessels, supplied w/ blood by the vasal vasorum

A

Tunica aderentitia

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7
Q

Vessel of the vessels

A

Vasal vasorum

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8
Q

Carries blood away from the heart to tissues

A

Arteries

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9
Q

Close to the heart, thick and Withstand great pressure

A

Elastic arteries

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10
Q

Carry blood to specific organs and are mostly smooth muscles

A

Muscular arteries

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11
Q

Feed blood to capillary bed, have 0.5 mm or smaller lumen, can construct and dilate

A

Arterioles

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12
Q

The alternating expansion and recoil of arterial walls with each heartbeat

A

Pulse

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13
Q

Pulse rate reflects what?

A

Heart rate

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14
Q

Microscopic, only 1 layer, average length is 1 mm, RBC in single file through lumen, exchange nutrients with water and oxygen with carbon dioxide

A

Capillaries

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15
Q

Take blood back to the heart, capillaries drain into venules and into larger veins, all 3 tunic layers, have larger lumen, contain valves

A

Veins

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16
Q

What help return blood?

A

Valves, breathing, moving skeletal muscles

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17
Q

These form when valves don’t close all the way and blood pools in them

A

Varicose veins

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18
Q

Te force exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood

A

Blood pressure

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19
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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20
Q

Blood pressure is highest in the ______ and lowest in the ______.

A

Aorta; vena cava

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21
Q

The top #, the pressure in arteries when the heart is contracting

A

Systolic pressure

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22
Q

Bottom #, pressure in arteries when heart is relaxed

A

Diastolic pressure

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23
Q

How blood moved to the tissue to take oxygen to body cells

A

Pressure

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24
Q

What factors affect blood pressure?

A

Cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and blood volume

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25
Q

How much blood your heart can pump out in 1 min

A

Cardiac output

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26
Q

How hard/ elastic the lumen walls are n

A

Peripheral resistance

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27
Q

Average is 5 liters

A

Blood volume

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28
Q

Decrease in blood volume =

Increase in blood volume =

A

Decreased BP

Increased BP

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29
Q

How is blood pressure regulated?

A

Controlled by nerve impulses, nerves cause vessels to vasoconstrict/vasodilator, low blood oxygen caused vasoconstriction, drugs and body chemicals

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30
Q

Norepinephrine and epinephrine cause

A

The flight are fight response (increased BP)

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31
Q

Hormone causes kidneys to excrete more water from the blood stream into the bladder (BV AND BP DROP)

A

ANF

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32
Q

Causes kidneys to save water back into the blood stream (BV AND BP INCREASE)

A

ADH

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33
Q

Cause drop in BP by increasing vasodilation and inhibits ADH release

A

Alcohol

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34
Q

Vasoconstrictor, increased BP

A

Nicotine

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35
Q

Low BP, can be dangerous and cause anemia, blood loss, pressure may not be high enough to rid blood of wastes in kidneys

A

Hypotension

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36
Q

High BP, common in obese people, no symptoms, major cause of heart failure, renal failure, and stroke, can lead to atherosclerosis

A

Hypertension

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37
Q

Hardening of the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

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38
Q

Lungs low pressure

A

Pulmonary

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39
Q

Right ventricle to

A

Pulmonary truck

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40
Q

Pulmonary trunk to right and left

A

Pulmonary arteries

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41
Q

Pulmonary arteries to the

A

Lobar arteries in the lungs

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42
Q

Lobar arteries in the lungs to

A

The arterioles

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43
Q

The arterioles to the

A

The capillaries where gas exchange occurs

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44
Q

The capillaries where gas exchange occurs to

A

The venules

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45
Q

The venules to

A

2 right and left pulmonary veins

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46
Q

2 right and left pulmonary veins from the lungs and into the

A

Left atrium of the heart

47
Q

High pressure

48
Q

What 3 aortic branches supply the head, neck and upper extremities

A

Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

49
Q

What are the 2 names of the descending aorta

A

Above diaphragm: thoracic aorta

Below diaphragm: abdominal aorta

50
Q

The common carotid takes blood to

A

The head and external areas

51
Q

The external carotid supplies blood to

A

extra cranial tissues of the head and neck

52
Q

Supplies the tongue

53
Q

Supplies the face

54
Q

Supplies the posterior scalp

55
Q

Supplies the lower jaw

56
Q

Supplies scalp and lateral face

57
Q

The internal carotid supplies the

A

Cerebral hemispheres of the brain

58
Q

The internal carotid a main branch supplies the eye and nasal cavity

A

Ophthalmic

59
Q

Feed the neck and parts of the brain

A

Subclavian

60
Q

Give an alternate pathway to the brain by connecting the anterior and posterior blood supply lines

A

Circle of Willis

61
Q

Supplies the axilla, chest wall, and mammary glands

A

Axilla ray artery

62
Q

Supplies upper arm

A

Bracial artery

63
Q

Pulse artery, supplies forearm and hand

64
Q

Supplies forearm and hand

65
Q

First branch

A

Celiac trunk

66
Q

Supplies the stomach

67
Q

Supplies the spleen

68
Q

Supplies the liver

69
Q

Supplies the small intestines, appendix, ascending and transverse colon

A

Superior mesentaric

70
Q

Supplies the adrenal gland

A

Suprarenal

71
Q

Supplies the kidneys

72
Q

Supplies the gonad

73
Q

Supplies descending colon and rectum

A

Inferior mesentaric

74
Q

Abdominal aorta splits into the

A

Right and left common iliac

75
Q

Supplies pelvic organs

A

Internal iliac

76
Q

Supplies the leg

A

External iliac

77
Q

As it enter the thigh it is the

78
Q

Behind the knee

79
Q

Serves the back of the leg

80
Q

Serves the front of the leg

81
Q

3 veins emptying into the right atrium

A

Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary veins

82
Q

Veins that are right under the skin

A

Superficial

83
Q

Veins that run alongside arteries

84
Q

Veins help return blood so they are more

85
Q

Drain blood from area above the diaphragm

A

Superior vena cava

86
Q

Drains blood from areas below diaphragm

A

Inferior vena cava

87
Q

Largest vein in the body

A

Inferior vena cava

88
Q

Blood is drained from the head by the

A

Jugular vein

89
Q

Received bulk of blood from the brain

A

Internal jugular

90
Q

Drains blood from scalp, face, and salivary glands

A

External jugular

91
Q

Drains extra cranial tissues

92
Q

Deep veins are

A

Veins of the hand, radial, ulnar, brachial, ancillary, subclavian

93
Q

Superficial veins are cephalic, basilic, median cubical

A

cephalic, basilic, median cubical

94
Q

The thorax is drained by the Azygous system

A

the Azygous system

95
Q

Drains gonads

96
Q

Drains kidney

97
Q

Drains adrenal gland

A

Supra renal

98
Q

Drains liver

99
Q

Drains lower back

100
Q

Drains the spleen, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and pancreas

A

Hepatic portal

101
Q

Drains front leg and foot

A

Anterior tibial

102
Q

Drains back leg and foot

A

Posterior tibial

103
Q

Drains knee

104
Q

Drains thigh

105
Q

Drains internal pelvic organs

A

Internal iliac

106
Q

Drains outer leg

A

External iliac

107
Q

Merges in hip region

A

Common iliac

108
Q

longest veins in the body begins in foot extends to the thigh

A

Great saphenous

109
Q

Begins in the foot and run to the popliteal

A

Small saphenous

110
Q

Caused by weakened valves

A

Varicose veins

111
Q

Hereditary, diet, lack of exercise and race can cause

A

Hypertension

112
Q

Plaque build up in lumen atherosclerosis

A

atherosclerosis

113
Q

Cardiovascular disease can be prevented by

A

Diet, exercise, stop smoking

114
Q

A balloon like put pocketing of an artery that places the artery at risk for rupture

115
Q

Most common site for aneurysm

A

Abdominal aorta

Anatomy (19 decks)

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