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Blood Vessels Test Flashcards

0
Q

What blood vessel layer in the innermost, smooth and thick had an endothelial lining and a lumen?

A

Tunica intima

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1
Q

What are the 3 major types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, capillaries, and venules

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2
Q

Thin slick surface that lines the lumen

A

Endothelial lining

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3
Q

Inside opening of a blood vessel

A

Lumen

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4
Q

The only layer in all blood vessels

A

Tunica intima

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5
Q

The smooth muscle layer, the bulkiest, I’m arteries and veins, plays the greatest role in maintaining blood pressure

A

Tunica media

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6
Q

Outer most layer, rich in nerve endings and lymph vessels, supplied w/ blood by the vasal vasorum

A

Tunica aderentitia

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7
Q

Vessel of the vessels

A

Vasal vasorum

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8
Q

Carries blood away from the heart to tissues

A

Arteries

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9
Q

Close to the heart, thick and Withstand great pressure

A

Elastic arteries

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10
Q

Carry blood to specific organs and are mostly smooth muscles

A

Muscular arteries

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11
Q

Feed blood to capillary bed, have 0.5 mm or smaller lumen, can construct and dilate

A

Arterioles

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12
Q

The alternating expansion and recoil of arterial walls with each heartbeat

A

Pulse

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13
Q

Pulse rate reflects what?

A

Heart rate

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14
Q

Microscopic, only 1 layer, average length is 1 mm, RBC in single file through lumen, exchange nutrients with water and oxygen with carbon dioxide

A

Capillaries

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15
Q

Take blood back to the heart, capillaries drain into venules and into larger veins, all 3 tunic layers, have larger lumen, contain valves

A

Veins

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16
Q

What help return blood?

A

Valves, breathing, moving skeletal muscles

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17
Q

These form when valves don’t close all the way and blood pools in them

A

Varicose veins

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18
Q

Te force exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood

A

Blood pressure

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19
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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20
Q

Blood pressure is highest in the ______ and lowest in the ______.

A

Aorta; vena cava

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21
Q

The top #, the pressure in arteries when the heart is contracting

A

Systolic pressure

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22
Q

Bottom #, pressure in arteries when heart is relaxed

A

Diastolic pressure

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23
Q

How blood moved to the tissue to take oxygen to body cells

A

Pressure

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24
What factors affect blood pressure?
Cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and blood volume
25
How much blood your heart can pump out in 1 min
Cardiac output
26
How hard/ elastic the lumen walls are n
Peripheral resistance
27
Average is 5 liters
Blood volume
28
Decrease in blood volume = | Increase in blood volume =
Decreased BP | Increased BP
29
How is blood pressure regulated?
Controlled by nerve impulses, nerves cause vessels to vasoconstrict/vasodilator, low blood oxygen caused vasoconstriction, drugs and body chemicals
30
Norepinephrine and epinephrine cause
The flight are fight response (increased BP)
31
Hormone causes kidneys to excrete more water from the blood stream into the bladder (BV AND BP DROP)
ANF
32
Causes kidneys to save water back into the blood stream (BV AND BP INCREASE)
ADH
33
Cause drop in BP by increasing vasodilation and inhibits ADH release
Alcohol
34
Vasoconstrictor, increased BP
Nicotine
35
Low BP, can be dangerous and cause anemia, blood loss, pressure may not be high enough to rid blood of wastes in kidneys
Hypotension
36
High BP, common in obese people, no symptoms, major cause of heart failure, renal failure, and stroke, can lead to atherosclerosis
Hypertension
37
Hardening of the arteries
Atherosclerosis
38
Lungs low pressure
Pulmonary
39
Right ventricle to
Pulmonary truck
40
Pulmonary trunk to right and left
Pulmonary arteries
41
Pulmonary arteries to the
Lobar arteries in the lungs
42
Lobar arteries in the lungs to
The arterioles
43
The arterioles to the
The capillaries where gas exchange occurs
44
The capillaries where gas exchange occurs to
The venules
45
The venules to
2 right and left pulmonary veins
46
2 right and left pulmonary veins from the lungs and into the
Left atrium of the heart
47
High pressure
Systemic
48
What 3 aortic branches supply the head, neck and upper extremities
Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian
49
What are the 2 names of the descending aorta
Above diaphragm: thoracic aorta | Below diaphragm: abdominal aorta
50
The common carotid takes blood to
The head and external areas
51
The external carotid supplies blood to
extra cranial tissues of the head and neck
52
Supplies the tongue
Lingual
53
Supplies the face
Facial
54
Supplies the posterior scalp
Occipital
55
Supplies the lower jaw
Maxillary
56
Supplies scalp and lateral face
Temporal
57
The internal carotid supplies the
Cerebral hemispheres of the brain
58
The internal carotid a main branch supplies the eye and nasal cavity
Ophthalmic
59
Feed the neck and parts of the brain
Subclavian
60
Give an alternate pathway to the brain by connecting the anterior and posterior blood supply lines
Circle of Willis
61
Supplies the axilla, chest wall, and mammary glands
Axilla ray artery
62
Supplies upper arm
Bracial artery
63
Pulse artery, supplies forearm and hand
Radial
64
Supplies forearm and hand
Ulnar
65
First branch
Celiac trunk
66
Supplies the stomach
Gastric
67
Supplies the spleen
Spleen
68
Supplies the liver
Hepatic
69
Supplies the small intestines, appendix, ascending and transverse colon
Superior mesentaric
70
Supplies the adrenal gland
Suprarenal
71
Supplies the kidneys
Renal
72
Supplies the gonad
Gonadal
73
Supplies descending colon and rectum
Inferior mesentaric
74
Abdominal aorta splits into the
Right and left common iliac
75
Supplies pelvic organs
Internal iliac
76
Supplies the leg
External iliac
77
As it enter the thigh it is the
Femoral
78
Behind the knee
Popliteal
79
Serves the back of the leg
Anterior
80
Serves the front of the leg
Posterior
81
3 veins emptying into the right atrium
Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary veins
82
Veins that are right under the skin
Superficial
83
Veins that run alongside arteries
Deep
84
Veins help return blood so they are more
Numerous
85
Drain blood from area above the diaphragm
Superior vena cava
86
Drains blood from areas below diaphragm
Inferior vena cava
87
Largest vein in the body
Inferior vena cava
88
Blood is drained from the head by the
Jugular vein
89
Received bulk of blood from the brain
Internal jugular
90
Drains blood from scalp, face, and salivary glands
External jugular
91
Drains extra cranial tissues
Vertebral
92
Deep veins are
Veins of the hand, radial, ulnar, brachial, ancillary, subclavian
93
Superficial veins are cephalic, basilic, median cubical
cephalic, basilic, median cubical
94
The thorax is drained by the Azygous system
the Azygous system
95
Drains gonads
Gonadal
96
Drains kidney
Renal
97
Drains adrenal gland
Supra renal
98
Drains liver
Hepatic
99
Drains lower back
Lumbar
100
Drains the spleen, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and pancreas
Hepatic portal
101
Drains front leg and foot
Anterior tibial
102
Drains back leg and foot
Posterior tibial
103
Drains knee
Popliteal
104
Drains thigh
Femoral
105
Drains internal pelvic organs
Internal iliac
106
Drains outer leg
External iliac
107
Merges in hip region
Common iliac
108
longest veins in the body begins in foot extends to the thigh
Great saphenous
109
Begins in the foot and run to the popliteal
Small saphenous
110
Caused by weakened valves
Varicose veins
111
Hereditary, diet, lack of exercise and race can cause
Hypertension
112
Plaque build up in lumen atherosclerosis
atherosclerosis
113
Cardiovascular disease can be prevented by
Diet, exercise, stop smoking
114
A balloon like put pocketing of an artery that places the artery at risk for rupture
Aneurysm
115
Most common site for aneurysm
Abdominal aorta

Anatomy (19 decks)

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