Respiratory - Pulmonary embolism Flashcards
What is pulmonary embolism?
One or more emboli break off from a clot, and travel to and obstruct the pulmonary arterial system
What is DVT?
a blood clot develops in the deep veins, most commonly in the lower extremities
How is pulmonary embolism and DVT linked?
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a part of the clot of a DVT breaks off and travels to the lungs
What is the difference between a thrombus and a embolus?
A embolus is a clot that moves, whilst a thrombus forms within a vessel
What are three risk factors for pulmonary embolism?
- Recent surgery or trauma
- Lower long bone fracture
- pregnancy
How does a pulmonary embolism cause alveolar collapse?
embolism blocks pulmonary arteries
hypoxia
Alveoli collapse (atelectasis)
What 2 signs show an increased likelihood of DVT?
Calf tenderness, swelling
Recent surgery, or bedridden for days
What criteria is used to show the likelihood of DVT?
Wells criteria
What 2 signs show an increased likelihood of Pulmonary embolism?
Signs of DVT
Surgery within last month
Tachycardia
What 3 drug managements are used for pulmonary embolism?
Heparin (anticoagulant)
Thrombin inhibitors (Thrombin anticoagulant)
IV fluids
