ECG 3 - 12 lead Flashcards
What does flat/inverted T waves mean?
Low potassium (hypokalaemia) Coronary ischemia
What is a bundle branch block?
A delay or blockage along the electrical impulse pathway
What 2 changes can be seen on a 12 lead ECG?
Ischaemic and infarction changes
What 3 ECG changes can show ischaemia?
ST depression
ST elevation
T wave inverted or hyperacute
What is an ST depression?
When the ST segment scoops below the line that the P wave sits on and back up
What is an ST elevation?
When the ST segment scoops upwards above the baseline that the P wave sits on and back down
How does the ST elevation differ, in terms of its indications?
The ST elevation indicates, that ischaemia has started to cause myocardial infarction
What can ST elevation also indicate?
Hyperkalaemia
What can ST depression also indication?
Hypokalaemia
What are 2 main causes of hyperacute T waves, and how do they differ?
ischemia causes hyperacute T-waves with a broad base
hyperkalaemia causes hyperacute T-waves with a narrow base
On a 12 lead ECG what can be upside down?
aVR - T wave
Sometimes V1
Sometimes V3
What is a biphasic T wave?
The T wave ripples, and is half above the line and half below the line
