JRCALC drugs - Cardiac issues Flashcards
What two main places are relevant to us, where atherosclerosis can occur and what are the resulting conditions called?
In the coronary artery is CAD
In aorta can cause aneurysm
What does coronary artery disease cause?
Myocardial ischaemia, which can lead to angina
What is the medical treatment for hypertension?
Beta blockers
ACE inhibitors
Calcium channel blockers
Diuretics
What is the medical treatment for angina?
GTN Aspirin Blood pressure medications (Beta blockers, CCB, Ace inhibitors) Clopidogrel e
How can angina worsen to an unstable angina?
A thrombus could develop on the atherosclerotic plaque, so angina is felt even without exacerbation
How is unstable angina treated?
- Aspirin for clots
- GTN widens coronary arteries
- Morphine for pain
- Ondansetron if sick
- Clopidogrel and heparin for clots
(A MOCH, or MOCHA)
How is a NSTEMI treated?
- Aspirin for clots
- Oxygen
- GTN widens coronary arteries
- Morphine for pain
- Ondansetron if sick
- Clopidogrel and heparin for clots
How is a STEMI treated?
- Aspirin for clots
- Oxygen
- GTN widens coronary arteries
- Morphine for pain
- Ondansetron if sick
- Clopidogrel and heparin for clots
How is pericarditis treated?
IF HIGH FEVER OR CARDIAC TAMPONADE THEN HOSPITAL
NSAIDS (aspirin or ibruprofen) help inflammation
Proton pump inhibitor as protection against high dose of NSAIDS
How is cardiac tamponade treated?
- Ibuprofen or aspirin as an anti-inflammatory
* If severe, then surgical drainage
How is costochondritis treated?
- NSAIDS
- Proton pump inhibitor to suppress side effects of NSAIDS
- Local injection of corticosteroid at the joint
- Local anaesthetic for pain relief
How is heart failure treated?
diuretic for congestion oxygen ACE inhibitor, BETA blocker, Calcium channel blocker aspirin amiodarone for rhythm disorders
How is tachycardia (with pulse) treated?
beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
