Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chest pain and shortness of breath > Cardiovascular Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the RAAS start?

A

when renin is released in the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the RAAS do?

A

coordinates a variety of processes for regulation of blood volume and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are examples of angiotensin receptors sites?

A

ATR 1 and ATR 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the process of angiotensin 2 production?

A
  • Angiotensinogen is produced in the liver
  • renin forms it into angiotensin I
  • Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II by ACE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does angiotensin-converting enzyme come from?

A

located on plasma membranes of various cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does angiotensin 2 do in the pituitary gland?

A

Release ADH, which causes water reabsorption in the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does angiotensin 2 do in the kidneys?

A

causes sodium reabsorption, which water follows, increasing BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What drugs can manipulate the RAAS?

A

ACE inhibitors

aldosterone blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does nitric oxide do?

A

Inhibits angiotensin 2
vasodilation
anti-inflammatory
inhibits platelet adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What four types of drugs work directly on the kidney?

A

loop diuretic
thiazide diuretic
potassium sparing
aldosterone antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 4 effects do calcium channel blockers have?

A

Vasodilation
Decreased heart rate
decreased force of contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are 3 examples of calcium channel blockers?

A

Felodioine
verapamil
amlodipine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the formula for cardiac output?

A

Cardiac Output (CO) = Stroke Volume (SV) x Heart Rate (HR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 2 effects of beta blockers?

A

decreased myocardial force of contraction

decreased heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are beta blockers?

A

bind to beta-adrenoreceptors , to prevent adrenaline and noradrenaline from binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a side effect of beta blockers?

A

binds to beta-adrenal receptors, prevents adrenaline and noradrenaline from binding

17
Q

What are the effects of prostaglandin produced by COX?

A

inflammation
pain transmission to the brain
temperature regulation
thromboxane synthesis

18
Q

What do loop diuretics do and name an example?

A

work by inhibiting the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the loop of Henle (furosemide)

19
Q

What do thiazide diuretics do and name an example?

A

treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and reduce fluid accumulation
(Bendroflumethiazide)

20
Q

What do potassium sparing drugs do and name an example?

A

increase urine output, whilst retaining potassium (amiloride)

21
Q

What do aldosterone antagonists do and name an example?

A

same as potassium sparing drugs, except by inhibiting aldosterone. treatment of high blood pressure or heart failure (spironolactone)

22
Q

What are calcium channel blockers?

A

prevent calcium entering cells of hearts and arteries to lower blood pressure

23
Q

What does aspirin do?

A

blocks production of prostaglandin

24
Q

What is clopidogrel?

A

Binds to platelets, and inhibits ADP from binding. preventing blood clots

25
Q

What is CYP450?

A

a hemeprotein that plays a key role in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics

26
Q

What is metoclopramide?

A

Binds at medulla, which is responsible for reflex, so can stop vomiting

27
Q

What is ondansetron used for?

A

stops vomiting

28
Q

What are inotropes?

A

drugs that alter contractibility of the heart

positive increase the force, whilst negative decrease it

29
Q

What are chronotropes?

A

drugs that alter heart rate
positive chronotropes increase heart rate
negative chronotropes decrease heart rate

30
Q

What is amiodorne?

A

Blocks potassium, prolonging phase 3 (repolarization) of cardiac action potential

31
Q

What are NSAIDS?

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Chest pain and shortness of breath (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions