Cardiology - Aortic regurgitation

Question 1

What is aortic regurgitation?

Answer 1

An incompetent aortic valve causes a regurgitation flow of blood in the diastole

Question 2

What are four signs of Acute aortic regurgitation?

Answer 2

Sudden dyspnoea
Chest pain
Bi-basal crackles
Raised JVP

Question 3

What are chest signs of chronic aortic regurgitation?

Answer 3

Displaced apex
ejection diastolic murmur
soft s1 and s2

Question 4

What are the ECG readings for chronic aortic regurgitation?

Answer 4

Deep S-waves in V1 and V2, tall R-waves in V5 and V6

Question 5

What are the two causes of aortic regurgitation?

Answer 5

Disease of the aortic valve leaflets or aortic root

Question 6

What are the two common causes of diseased valve leaflets?

Answer 6

Rheumatic heart disease

Congenital and degenerative

Question 7

What is rheumatic heart disease?

Answer 7

damage to heart valves caused by an autoimmune inflammatory reaction to infection with streptococcal bacteria

Question 8

What is a congenital heart defect?

Answer 8

Present from birth

Question 9

What is acute aortic regurgitation?

Answer 9

Occurs rapidly causing pulmonary oedema and cardiogenic shock

Question 10

What is chronic aortic regurgitation?

Answer 10

Develops slowly, patients may remain asymptomatic for decades