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Anatomy > Respiratory (Friedman) > Flashcards

Respiratory (Friedman) Flashcards

1
Q

components of the respiratory system

A
  1. nose 2. pharynx 3. larynx 4. trachea 5. bronchi 6. lungs
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2
Q

function

A

smell, warms air, collect and remove dust, mucus production: moisten air

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3
Q

sinusitis

A

Sinus inflammation

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4
Q

sinus headache

A

blockage of passage between nasal cavity and sinuses because of high mucus (creates vacuum)

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5
Q

pharynx

A

subular structure connecting nasal passage to larynx

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6
Q

larynx

A

rings of hyaline cartilage, vocal cord, epiglottis: gateway to digestive system and respiratory system

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7
Q

trachea

A

tubular structure in front of the esophagus, contains hyalin cartilage to keep it open

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8
Q

brochi

A

branching from trachea to left and right lungs

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9
Q

bronchioles

A

further branching as it enters the lungs

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10
Q

lungs

A

occupy the thoracic cavity - situated on top of the diaphragm

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11
Q

thoracic cavity

A

pulmonary pleura, parietal pleura, & pleural space

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12
Q

pulmonary pleura

A

membrane layer surrounding the lung

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13
Q

parietal pleura

A

membrane layer surround the thoracic cavity

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14
Q

pleural space

A

space between pulmonary & parietal pleura

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15
Q

alveoli

A

air sace where gas exchange take place

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16
Q

4 respiratory physiology

A
  1. pulmonary ventilation (inhalation & ehalation) 2. external respiration 3. respiratory gas transport 4. internal respiration
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17
Q

inhalation

A

contraction of diaphragm/intercostal muscles leads to increase in thoracic cavity - diaphragm flattens

18
Q

air pressure (inhalation)

A

decrease in pressure INSIDE - atmosphere air pressure INCREASES

19
Q

exhalation

A

respiratory muscles relax - volume of thoracic cavity decreases

20
Q

air pressure (exhalation)

A

Increased pressure INSIDE - atmosphere air pressure is below inside’s

21
Q

gas exchange between alveoli and blood

A

external respiration

22
Q

air in alveoli

A

high in oxygen - low in CO2

23
Q

blood comes from heart

A

high in CO2 - low in oxygen

24
Q

gas exchange between blood and tissue

A

internal respiration

25
Q

blood (arteries) internal respiration

A

high in oxygen - low CO2

26
Q

tissue - internal respiration

A

high CO2 (cellular respiration) - low oxygen

27
Q

oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from ______ to _______ concentration

A

high to low concentration

28
Q

protein responsible for transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

hemoglobin

29
Q

how many hemoglobin inside every red blood cell?

A

250 million

30
Q

bright red (arteries) = hemoglobin + __________

A

oxygen

31
Q

dark red (veins) = hemoglobin + __________

A

CO2

32
Q

respiratory volumes

A
  1. tidal volume 2. expiratory reserve volume 3. inspiratory reserve volume 4. residual volume
33
Q

normal volum of air exchange during breathing

A

tidal volume (500ml)

34
Q

air exhaled forefully from lungs after exhalation

A

expiratory reserve volume (3100ml)

35
Q

air inhaled forcefully into the lungs after normal breathing

A

inspiratory reserve volume (1200ml)

36
Q

air that is always remain in the lungs even after expiratory reserve

A

residual volume (1200ml)

37
Q

emphysema

A

destruction of the alveoli, caused by smoking and pollution, causes decrease in surface area of lung, limits amount of air exchange. can never recover fully.

38
Q

inflammation and overproduction of mucus in airways (respiratory disease)

A

asthma

39
Q

swelling and inflammation of bronchi caused by: viral or bacterial infection (respiratory diease)

A

bronchitis

40
Q

inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs caused by: bacterial or viral infection - bronchitis can lead to this (respiratory disease)

A

pneumonia

Anatomy (22 decks)

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