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Anatomy > Friedman-Nervous System > Flashcards

Friedman-Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of nervous system (2)

A

Central nervous system (cns) & Peripheral nervous system (pns)

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2
Q

Central nervous system (CNS) consists of…

A

brain & spinal cord

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3
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of..

A

mainly nerves through out the body that send and receive signals from CNS

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4
Q

Fuctional classification of PNS (2)

A
  1. sensory (afferent) division & 2. Motor (efferent) division
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5
Q

afferent

A

sensory division of PNS

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6
Q

efferent

A

motor division of PNS

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7
Q

Sensory (afferent) division (PNS) consists of…

A

-neurons that deliver nerve impulses TO CNS & is located in every part of the body (ex. skeletal, skin, muscles, heart, etc.)

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8
Q

Motor (efferent) division (PNS) consists of…

A

Neurons that carry signals FROM CNS to all parts of body (ex. skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles, glands)

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9
Q

Classification of motor division of PNS (2)

A
  1. Somatic nervous system & 2. Autonomic nervous system
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10
Q

Somatic Nervous system (motor neurons of PNS)

A

control skeletal muscles & voluntary movement

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11
Q

Autonomic nervous system (motor neurons of PNS)

A

controls smooth/cardiac muscle and glands & involuntary movements (ex. heart, digestive, thyroid)

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12
Q

classification of autonomic nervous system (2)

A
  1. sympathetic & 2. parasympathetic
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13
Q

Sympathetic (autonomic nervous system)

A

activated during digestion & body is relaxed allowing for digestion

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14
Q

Parasympathetic (autonomic nervous system)

A

activated during fight or flight response - high level of awareness which takes away from digestive system

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15
Q

cells of nervous system

A

supporting cells & main cells (neurons)

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16
Q

supporting cells of the nervous system

A

oligodendrites & schwann cells

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17
Q

oligodendrites (supporting cells of nervous system)

A

associated with CNS & creates myelin sheath

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18
Q

Schwanna cells (supporting cells of nervous system)

A

associated with PNS & creates myelin sheath

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19
Q

Myeline sheath

A

fatty insulation covering cells- helps with insulation and creating a strong nerve impulse

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20
Q

neurons

A

Main cells- aka nerve cells, transmits messages between neurons or other parts

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21
Q

structure of a neuron (2)

A

cell body & processes

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22
Q

processes of neuron

A

dendrites & axons

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23
Q

Neuron-cell body

A

metabolic center of the cell that contains nucleus and many organs - integrates incoming signals and generates outgoing signal to axon

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24
Q

neuron-dendrites

A

convey incoming messages to the cell body - has many branches

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25
Q

neuron-axon

A

generates nerve impulses & conducts them away from the cell body (has myelin sheath) - passes electrical signals to dendrites of another sell or to an effector cell

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26
Q

interneurons

A

connects motor (efferent) and sensory (afferent) neurons-cell body is in CNS

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27
Q

Neuron claffication: structure (3)

A

1.Bipolar 2.mulitpolar 3.unipolar

28
Q

two extensions from the cell body & one is axon (neuron structure)

29
Q

many extensions from the cell body & one is axon; rest all dendrites (neuron structure)

A

multipolar

30
Q

only one extension from the cell body (neuron structure)

31
Q

two neuron reflex

A

(knee jerk) faster reflexes-mostly dealt with in spinal cord

32
Q

3 neuron reflex

A

involves interneurons-slower reflexes since it involves more neurons (ex. walking or touching something sharp)

33
Q

2 cerebral hemispheres

A

cortex & internal white matter

34
Q

gray matter is…

35
Q

cortex is in responsible for…

A

speech, memory, logic, & emotion

36
Q

anatomy of cortex (5)…

A
  1. frontal 2.parietal 3.occipital 4.temporal 5.insula (deep within brain)
37
Q

deep sulcus in brain is..

38
Q

egg shaped structure which acts as relay station for info coming to brain into cortex

39
Q

thalamus receives info from afferent or efferent nervous impulses?

40
Q

thalamus controls… (2)

A

emotions & visceral function from hypothalamus

41
Q

gateway to cerebral cortex

42
Q

essential for body homeostasis

A

hypothalamus

43
Q

control autonomic nervous system

A

hypothalamus

44
Q

initial physical responses to emotions (pleasure, fear, rage)

A

hypothalamus

45
Q

regulates body temp.

A

hypothalamus

46
Q

regulates food and water intake (feeling thirsty or hungry)

A

hypothalamus

47
Q

regulate sleep-wake cycles: biological clock

A

hypothalamus

48
Q

cerebrovascular accident

49
Q

stroke

A

blood circulation to an area of brain is block and brain tissue dies causing paralysis of opposite side of the body.

50
Q

alteration in brain function as result to blow to the head

A

cuncussion

51
Q

serious concussion cause brain bruising

52
Q

simple reflex arcs

53
Q

ACH

A

neuro transmitters

54
Q

bleeding from a ruptured vessel into the intracranial space causing compression of brain tissue

A

subdural hemorrhage

55
Q

subdural hemorrhage

A

as blood is accumulated > loss of speech > conciousness > loss of control of blood pressure heart rate and respiration

56
Q

subdural hemorrhage-how to fix

A

drill hole to remove blood and fix the raptured blood valve

57
Q

degenerative brain disease causes memory loss & short attention span

A

alzheimers disease

58
Q

alzheimers disease cause…

A

protein plaques build up in the brain slowly kill neurons, slow spread that create various stages of the disease

59
Q

degradation of cerebral cortex caused by accumulation of mutant huntington protein

A

huntington’s disease

60
Q

huntington’s disease causes

A

flapping movements-jerky wild motions & mental detrition in later stages

61
Q

gryus

A

ridges on the surface of cerebral cortex (bumps)

62
Q

sulcus or fissures

A

deep creases on the cerebral cortex (divides cortex to individual lobes)

63
Q

Nervous system functions (3)

A

1.receives sensory input 2.CNS processes & integrates info (sums it up) 3.CNS generates motor output

64
Q

cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervoys system

65
Q

supports and nourishes neurons…

A

neuroglia (or glial cells)

Anatomy (22 decks)

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