3 Skeletal System - Sheet1 (1)

Question 1

skeletal cartilage

Answer 1

chondrocytes (cartilage cells)

Question 2

collagen fiber size…

Answer 2

amino acids 1nm - tropocollagen 300nm - fibrils 1um - fibers 10 um

Question 3

cartilage types

Answer 3

hyaline & elastic

Question 4

hyaline cartilage

Answer 4

1.articula: think of joints ends 2.ribs 3.respiratory: larynx 4.nose

Question 5

elastic cartilage

Answer 5

1.epiglottis 2.ear

Question 6

types of bone on location

Answer 6

1.axial: skull, vertebral, rib cage 2.appendicular: upper & lower limbs, shoulder, hip

Question 7

bone classification base on shape

Answer 7

long, short, flat, irregular

Question 8

long bone

Answer 8

longer than wide - limbs

Question 9

short bone

Answer 9

wider than long - wrist, ankle

Question 10

flat bone

Answer 10

thin flattened, usually curvy - skull, ribs

Question 11

irregular bone

Answer 11

no specific shape - vertebrae, hip

Question 12

compact bone (gross bone anat.)

Answer 12

outer layer

Question 13

spongy bone (gross bone anat.)

Answer 13

inner layer (trabeculae, yellow bone marrow, red bone marrow)

Question 14

difference between red and yellow marrow

Answer 14

red: blood cell production Yellow: fat tissue

Question 15

importance of red bone marrow

Answer 15

red bone marrow = production of red blood cells

Question 16

disease assoviated with bone marrow

Answer 16

1. leukemia: cancer of blood or bone marrow 2. lumphoma: cancer of white blood cells 3. sickle cell anemia

Question 17

structure of bone

Answer 17

1. diasphysis 2. epiphysis 3. periosteum

Question 18

Diaphysis

Answer 18

long axis of bone

Question 19

epiphysis

Answer 19

proximal and distal regions (usually wider than diaphysis)

Question 20

periosteum

Answer 20

surrounds the bone, rich in blood vessels and connective tissue

Question 21

cell types

Answer 21

osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast

Question 22

osteoblast cells

Answer 22

bone building/growth

Question 23

osteocyte cells

Answer 23

bone maintenance

Question 24

osteoclast cells

Answer 24

bone destruction

Question 25

compact bone tissue

Answer 25

osteon, central canal, lacuna, lamella, canaliculi

Question 26

osteon (compact bone)

Answer 26

functional unit of compact bone

Question 27

central canal (compact bone)

Answer 27

space at center of each osteon - contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic system

Question 28

lacuna (compact bone)

Answer 28

space in lamella containing osteocytes

Question 29

lamella (compact bone)

Answer 29

tubes made of minerals (made of calcium salt)

Question 30

Canaliculi (compact bone)

Answer 30

tiny channels radiating from each lacuna - connect osteocytes

Question 31

spongy bone (microscopic)

Answer 31

osteocytes, not well arranged lamella & canaliculi

Question 32

bone (chemical) organic

Answer 32

cells, collagen fibers, matrix:proteins & carbohydrates

Question 33

bone (chemical) inorganic (i.e. no carbon)

Answer 33

minerals:calcium+phosphate, packed minerals+collagen fiber-hard bone