Respiratory - Asthma Flashcards
What is asthma?
A chronic condition where airways occasionally narrow and become inflamed - restricting air flow
What causes asthma?
Genetics - run in the family
Environmental factors - dust, air pollution etc…
Exposure to smoke in the womb
What can trigger asthma?
Infection - cold or flu
Mould
Exercise
Smoke
What is the biological reason for asthma?
Certain triggers can cause bronchi to become inflamed and sensitive - narrow as muscles constrict
Mucus production increases and blacks airways
What are the symptoms/effects of asthma?
Difficulty breathing
Wheezing
Chest tightness
How can asthma be monitored?
Spirometry - nose clip, blow out - measures how fast and how much you can breathe out - check if meds are working
Peak flow - how fast can breathe out - compare to normal range - indicates degree of dilation/constriction - readings taken 2x day
What are the benefits of using spirometry?
Easy test - not too long
Support from GP
Results sent off = accurate
What are the cons of using spirometry?
Make time to see GP
Wait for results
What treatments can be used for asthma?
Preventer inhaler - used regularly - reduce inflammation - builds up asthma protection
Reliever inhaler - Relax bronchi/ bronchioles - reduce swelling + dialate airways - use during attack/ flare up
Use spacer with inhalers - deeper into lungs
What are the benefits of using inhalers?
Easy to use
Treat + help symptoms
Portable
What are the cons of using inhalers?
Embarrassing in public
Children can use wrong dosage
Easy to forget when out
Not a cure
What impacts does asthma have on a person?
Need to plan ahead- take meds out Anxiety about attacks Lack of confidence Time off work/ school Think about locations - triggers
