Respiration

Question 1

Statement 1: process of breathing is very much connected to the process of release of energy from food.
Statement 2: Only green plants and cyanobacteria can prepare their own food

Answer 1

Both statements are correct

Question 2

light energy and convert it into chemical energy that is stored in the bonds of carbohydrates like……./……/……

Answer 2

glucose, sucrose and starch.

Question 3

Statement 1: Photosynthesis, of course, takes place within the chloroplasts (in the eukaryotes).
Statement 2:Breakdown of complex molecules to yield energy takes place in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria (also only in eukaryotes).

Answer 3

Both are correct

Question 4

Statement 1: During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in respiratory substrates is released free into the cell and not in a single step.
Statement 2: It is released in a series of slow step-wise reactions controlled by enzymes, and it is trapped as chemical energy in the form of ATP.

Answer 4

1 is incorrect

The energy is not released free into the cell

Question 5

This energy trapped in………. is utilised in various energy-requiring processes of the organisms, and the……….. produced during respiration is used as precursors for biosynthesis of other molecules in the cell.

Answer 5

ATP

carbon skeleton

Question 6

This energy trapped in………. is utilised in various energy-requiring processes of the organisms, and the……….. produced during respiration is used as precursors for biosynthesis of other molecules in the cell.

Answer 6

ATP

carbon skeleton

Question 7

There are several reasons why plants can get along without respiratory organs

Answer 7

First each plant part takes care of its own gas-exchange needs. There is very little transport of gases from one plant part to another.

Second plants do not present great demands for gas exchange.

Third, the distance that gases must diffuse even in large, bulky plants is not great

Question 8

Statement 1: The strategy that the plant cell uses is to catabolise the glucose molecule in such a way that not all the liberated energy goes out as heat
Statement 2: The key is to oxidise glucose not in one step but in several small steps enabling some steps to be just large enough such that the energy released can be coupled to ATP synthesis

Answer 8

Both are correct

Question 9

The scheme of glycolysis was given by( 3 scientists) and is often referred to as the EMP pathway

Answer 9

Gustav Embden
Otto Meyerhof
J. Parnas

Question 10

In this process, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid. In plants, this glucose is derived from sucrose, which is the end product of photosynthesis, or from storage carbohydrates

Answer 10

Glycolysis

Question 11

Assertion: Glycolysis is refers to as the ancient process

Answer 11

Reason: It occurs virtually in all living cells

Question 12

In glycolysis, a chain of…….reactions, under the control of different enzymes, takes place to produce pyruvate from glucose.

Answer 12

ten

Question 13

ATP is utilised at two steps:

Answer 13

First: conversion of glucose into glucose 6-phosphate
Second: conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate.

Question 14

There is one step where NADH + H­­+ is formed from NAD­­+; this is when

Answer 14

3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) is converted to 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPGA).

Question 15

There are three major ways in which different cells handle pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis.

Answer 15

Lactic acid fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation

Aerobic respiration

Question 16

Fermentation takes place under anaerobic conditions in many prokaryotes but not in any eukaryotes

Answer 16

Fermentation takes place under anaerobic conditions in many prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes