Respiration Flashcards
Statement 1: process of breathing is very much connected to the process of release of energy from food.
Statement 2: Only green plants and cyanobacteria can prepare their own food
Both statements are correct
light energy and convert it into chemical energy that is stored in the bonds of carbohydrates like……./……/……
glucose, sucrose and starch.
Statement 1: Photosynthesis, of course, takes place within the chloroplasts (in the eukaryotes).
Statement 2:Breakdown of complex molecules to yield energy takes place in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria (also only in eukaryotes).
Both are correct
Statement 1: During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in respiratory substrates is released free into the cell and not in a single step.
Statement 2: It is released in a series of slow step-wise reactions controlled by enzymes, and it is trapped as chemical energy in the form of ATP.
1 is incorrect
The energy is not released free into the cell
This energy trapped in………. is utilised in various energy-requiring processes of the organisms, and the……….. produced during respiration is used as precursors for biosynthesis of other molecules in the cell.
ATP
carbon skeleton
This energy trapped in………. is utilised in various energy-requiring processes of the organisms, and the……….. produced during respiration is used as precursors for biosynthesis of other molecules in the cell.
ATP
carbon skeleton
There are several reasons why plants can get along without respiratory organs
First each plant part takes care of its own gas-exchange needs. There is very little transport of gases from one plant part to another.
Second plants do not present great demands for gas exchange.
Third, the distance that gases must diffuse even in large, bulky plants is not great
Statement 1: The strategy that the plant cell uses is to catabolise the glucose molecule in such a way that not all the liberated energy goes out as heat
Statement 2: The key is to oxidise glucose not in one step but in several small steps enabling some steps to be just large enough such that the energy released can be coupled to ATP synthesis
Both are correct
The scheme of glycolysis was given by( 3 scientists) and is often referred to as the EMP pathway
Gustav Embden
Otto Meyerhof
J. Parnas
In this process, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid. In plants, this glucose is derived from sucrose, which is the end product of photosynthesis, or from storage carbohydrates
Glycolysis
Assertion: Glycolysis is refers to as the ancient process
Reason: It occurs virtually in all living cells
In glycolysis, a chain of…….reactions, under the control of different enzymes, takes place to produce pyruvate from glucose.
ten
ATP is utilised at two steps:
First: conversion of glucose into glucose 6-phosphate
Second: conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate.
There is one step where NADH + H+ is formed from NAD+; this is when
3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) is converted to 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPGA).
There are three major ways in which different cells handle pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis.
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation takes place under anaerobic conditions in many prokaryotes but not in any eukaryotes
Fermentation takes place under anaerobic conditions in many prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes