Economically important insects – Apis (Honey bee). Bombyx (Silkworm). Laccifer (Lac insect) Vectors – Anopheles Culex Aedes xenopsylla/rat flea Glossira/tse tse fly Pulebotomas/sand fly Gregarious pest – Locusta (Locust) Living fossil – Limulus (King crab).

Animal Kingdom Flashcards by Dr Menaka Raut

Porifera examples

Sycon (Scypha)
Spongilla (Fresh water sponge)
Euspongia (Bath sponge)
Euplactela Venus flower basket
Hyalonema glass rope sponge
Leucosolenia

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Coelenterata examples

Physalia (Portuguese man-of-war)
Adamsia (Sea anemone)
Pennatula (Sea-pen)
Gorgonia (Sea-fan)
Meandrina (Brain coral).
Obelia (sea fur)
Aurelia jellyfish
Hydra
Coral

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Ctenophores examples

Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana.

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Platyhelminths examples

Taenia solium: pork tapeworm
Fasciola: liver fluke
Dugesia: planaria
Taenia sanginata: beef tapeworm

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Aschelminths examples

Ascaris (Roundworm)
Wuchereria (Filaria worm)
Ancylostoma (Hookworm).

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Nereis is monoecious while earthworms and leeches are dioecious
True or false??

False

Nereis is dioecious while earthworms and leeches are monoecious

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Annelida examples

Nereis
Pheretima (Earthworm)
Hirudinaria (Blood sucking leech)

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Arthropod example

Economically important insects – Apis (Honey bee). Bombyx (Silkworm). Laccifer (Lac insect)
Vectors – Anopheles<malaria>
Culex<elephantiasis>
Aedes<dengue & chickengunya>
xenopsylla/rat flea<plague>
Glossira/tse tse fly<sleeping>
Pulebotomas/sand fly<kala>
Gregarious pest – Locusta (Locust)
Living fossil – Limulus (King crab).</kala></sleeping></plague></elephantiasis></malaria>

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Mollusca examples

Pila (Apple snail)
Pinctada (Pearl oyster)
Sepia (Cuttlefish)
Loligo (Squid)
Octopus (Devil fish)
Aplysia (Sea-hare)
Dentalium (Tusk shell)
Chaetopleura (Chiton)

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Echinoderms examples

Asterias (Star fish)
Echinus (Sea urchin)
Antedon (Sea lily)
Cucumaria (Sea cucumber)
Ophiura (Brittle star).

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Hemichordates examples

Balanoglossus and Saccoglossus.

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Animals belonging to phylum Chordata are fundamentally characterised by the presence of a……../………./………

notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord and paired pharyngeal gill slits

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Notochord is dorsal wrt the nerve chord
True or false

False.
It is ventral.

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Chordata is divided into two sub groups……….

Protochordates and euchordates

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Protochordates examples

Urochordata – Ascidia<in>Salpa, Doliolum Herdmania
Cephalochordata – Branchiostoma (Amphioxus or Lancelet)</in>

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Retrogressive metamorphosis is seen in…….

Urochordata

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Urochordates are also known as…….

Tunicate

Cyclostomata have elongated bodies with ………… pairs of gill slits

6 to 15

Cyclostomes examples

Petromyzon (Lamprey) and Myxine (Hagfish)

They are marine animals with streamlined body and have cartilaginous endoskeleton. Identify

Chondricthyes

Chondrichthyes characters

Gill slits are separate and without operculum

Placoid scale

skin is tough, containing minute placoid scales

jaws are very powerful

absence of air bladder

Heart is two-chambered

In males pelvic fins bear claspers.

Chondrichthyes examples

Scoliodon (Dog fish)
Pristis (Saw fish)
Carcharodon (Great white shark), Trygon (Sting ray).
Torpedo(electric organ)

Osteichthyes characters

both marine and fresh water. Mouth is mostly terminal
four pairs of gills which are covered by an operculum on each side.

Skin is covered with cycloid/ctenoid scales

Air bladder is present

Fertilisation is usually external

Osteicthyes examples

Marine – Exocoetus (Flying fish), Hippocampus (Sea horse); Freshwater – Labeo (Rohu), Catla (Katla), Clarias (Magur); Aquarium – Betta (Fighting fish), Pterophyllum (Angel fish)

Amphibian characters

Body is divisible into head and trunk. Tail may be present in some. skin is moist (without scales) heart is three-chambered (two auricles and one ventricle) Fertilisation is external oviparous and development is indirect.

Amphibian examples

Bufo (Toad), Rana (Frog), Hyla (Tree frog), Salamandra (Salamander), Ichthyophis (Limbless amphibia).

Heart in crocodile is 3 chambered True or false

False. It is usually 3 chambered in reptilian but 4 chambered in crocs

Reptilian examples

Chelone (Turtle) Testudo (Tortoise) Chameleon (Tree lizard) Calotes (Garden lizard), Crocodilus (Crocodile), Alligator (Alligator) Hemidactylus (Wall lizard), Poisonous snakes – Naja (Cobra), Bangarus (Krait), Vipera (Viper).

In aves hind limbs form wings True or false

False forelimbs are modified into wings

In aves oil gland is present at the base of the……..

tail.

Endoskeleton is fully ossified (bony) and the long bones are solid. True or false?

False hollow with air cavities (pneumatic)

Aves examples

Corvus (Crow), Columba (Pigeon), Psittacula (Parrot), Struthio (Ostrich), Pavo (Peacock), Aptenodytes (Penguin), Neophron (Vulture).

Mammalian examples

Oviparous-Ornithorhynchus (Platypus); Viviparous - Macropus (Kangaroo), Pteropus (Flying fox), Camelus (Camel), Macaca (Monkey), Rattus (Rat), Canis (Dog), Felis (Cat), Elephas (Elephant), Equus (Horse), Delphinus (Common dolphin), Balaenoptera (Blue whale), Panthera tigris (Tiger), Panthera leo (Lion).

Radula is characteristically present in mollusk but is not defining feature Explain

Radula is indeed present in only mollusks but not all mollusks have it

Stomochord in hemichordates is not homologous to notochord Explain

Stomochord is ectodermal in origin and notochord is mesodermal in origin

Endothermic animals

Warm blooded Homeotherms

Ectotherms animals

Cold blooded Poikilotherms

Largest phylum of marine animals is

Mollusca

Skull in amphibians is

Dicondylic

Skull in reptilia and aves is

Monocondylic