Research Methods Chapter 9 Flashcards
Data originally used for research purposes and then stored
Archived Research Data
What people say and do only with their closest friends
Backstage Behavior
The researcher observes as an outsider and does not tell people they are being observed
Complete Observer
The researcher becomes a member of the group being studied and does not tell members they are being studied
Complete Participant
Objects or things that are constructed by research participants during a research study
Constructed Data
Observing during and directly after a specific event has occurred
Event Sampling
Notes taken by an observer
Field Notes
A moderator leads a discussion with a small group of people
Focus Group
What people want or allow us to see
Frontstage Behavior
Advises researchers to thoughtfully and strategically mix or combine qualitative and quantitative research methods, approaches, procedures, concepts, and other paradigm characteristics in a way that produces an overall design with multiple (divergent and convergent) and complementary (broadly viewed) strengths and nonoverlapping weaknesses
Fundamental Principle of Mixed Research
The person leading the focus group discussion
Group Moderator
An interview conducted faceto-face
In-Person Interview
A spontaneous, loosely structured interview
Informal Conversational Interview
Use of more than one method of data collection in a research study
Intermethod Mixing
A data-collection method in which an interviewer asks an interviewee questions
Interview
Specific topics and/or openended questions are asked in any order
Interview Guide Approach
A data-collection instrument used in an interview
Interview Protocol
The person being asked questions
Interviewee
The person asking the questions
Interviewer
Use of a single method of data collection to obtain a mixture of qualitative and quantitative data
Intramethod Mixing
Observation done in the lab or other setting set up by the researcher
Laboratory Observation
A technique for physically obtaining data to be analyzed in a research study
Method of Data Collection
Observation done in realworld settings
Naturalistic Observation
Watching the behavioral patterns of people
Observation
The researcher spends a limited amount of time observing group members and tells members they are being studied
Observer-as-Participant
Anything written, photographed, or recorded by an organization
Official Documents
The researcher spends extended time with the group as an insider and tells members they are being studied
Participant-as-Observer
Anything written, photographed, or recorded for private purposes
Personal Documents
The process of eliciting data from a person using photographic or video imagery when conducting interviews
Photo Interviewing
Any material thing created or left by humans that might provide information about a phenomenon of interest to a researcher
Physical Data
Prompts to obtain response clarity or additional information
Probe
An interview providing qualitative data
Qualitative Interview
Observing all potentially relevant phenomena
Qualitative Observation
Standardized observation
Quantitative Observation
A self-report data-collection instrument filled out by research participants
Questionnaire
Changes that occur in people because they know they are being observed; an alteration in performance that occurs as a result of being aware of participating in a study
Reactivity
The overall research design and strategy
Research Method
Existing data originally collected or left behind at an earlier time by a different person for a different purpose
Secondary Data
Presenting the same stimulus to all participants
Standardization
A set of openended questions are asked in a specific order and exactly as worded
Standardized Open-Ended Interview
An interview conducted over the phone
Telephone Interview
Checking for events during specific time intervals
Time-Interval Sampling
A process of collecting data using visual sources, such as photographs, drawings, graphics, paintings, film, and video
Visual Data Collection
